Natural killer cell responses to human oncogenic γ-herpesvirus infections

Münz, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.smim.2022.101652

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…Some innate immune cells recognize EBV. EBV infection can promote the proliferation of natural killer (NK) cells, and this expanded population of NK cells can recognize and lyse infected cells [ 51 ]. In addition, invariant NKT (iNKT) cells can restrict the ex vivo transformation of B lymphocytes induced by EBV [ 52 ].…”

Section: The Interaction Of the Immune System And Ebvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epstein-Barr virus infection: the micro and macro worlds

Huang,

Bai,

Tang

2023

Virol J

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Epstein‒Barr virus (EBV) is a DNA virus that belongs to the human B lymphotropic herpesvirus family and is highly prevalent in the human population. Once infected, a host can experience latent infection because EBV evades the immune system, leading to hosts harboring the virus for their lifetime. EBV is associated with many diseases and causes significant challenges to human health. This review first offers a description of the natural history of EBV infection, clarifies the interaction between EBV and the immune system, and finally focuses on several major types of diseases caused by EBV infection.

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Section: The Interaction Of the Immune System And Ebvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epstein-Barr virus infection: the micro and macro worlds

Huang,

Bai,

Tang

2023

Virol J

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“…These findings prompted us to hypothesize that macrophages might have a key role in EBV infection control and hence viral contribution to lymphomagenesis. In pediatric patients in particular, the immune response against the virus is mostly mediated by NK cells as part of the innate immune system [ 26 ]. In addition, macrophages play a crucial role in tumor progression, and their great plasticity regarding different stimuli in the microenvironment has been widely described [ 17 , 18 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EBV Impact in Peripheral Macrophages’ Polarization Cytokines in Pediatric Patients

Moyano,

Ferressini Gerpe,

Amarillo

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Macrophages are exceptionally flexible cells. The presence of inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α results in an M1 (CD68) activation, while cytokines such as IL-10 or TGF-β induce the M2 (CD163) activation. Our aim was to study the behavior of peripheral cytokines involved in macrophage polarization and relate them with tissue findings to further comprehend the role of macrophages in EBV pediatric infection. We studied cytokine expression in tonsils and peripheral blood samples of children in different stages of infection. Peripheral cytokines were compared with macrophage polarization markers and viral protein expression in tonsils. Only IL-10 showed a negative correlation between compartments, exclusively in patients undergoing viral reactivation (R). Higher expressions of peripheral IL-1β, IL-23, and IL-12p40 in R children were observed. Lower expressions of local and peripheral TNF-α in patients with broader expressions of latent and lytic viral proteins were demonstrated. In healthy carrier (HC) patients, IL-23 positively correlated with CD163, and IP-10 positively correlated with CD68. Our results indicated that EBV might modulate antigen expression in the presence of TNF-α and influence peripheral cytokine expression differently in each stage of infection. Moreover, peripheral cytokines might have a particular role in macrophage polarization in HC.

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