Natural Mating and Artificial Insemination

Malecki, Irek; Rybnik-Trzaskowska, P.K.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-19297-5_3

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Commercial ostrich farming originally started in the 1800s in South Africa and has since undergone major in a stress free manner has generated a new interest in implementing assisted reproduction technology in this species (Rybnik et al, 2007;Malecki et al, 2008;Malecki and Rybnik-Trzaskowska, 2011). To date, a few studies on ostrich semen have been conducted on different methods and frequency of semen collection (Hemberger et al, 2001;Rybnik et al, 2007;Bonato et al, 2011;Rybnik et al, 2012), as well as on sperm motility and survival after shortterm storage (Malecki et al, 2008;Ciereszko et al, 2010;Bonato et al, 2010Bonato et al, , 2012.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Predicting ejaculate quality and libido in male ostriches: Effect of season and age

Bonato

Malecki

Rybnik-Trzaskowska

et al. 2014

Animal Reproduction Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Predicting ejaculate quality and libido in male ostriches: Effect of season and age

Bonato

Malecki

Rybnik-Trzaskowska

et al. 2014

Animal Reproduction Science

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“…Differences exist in what provokes male courtship behaviour (tooting), mating attempts, and ejaculation. Semen collection by male stimulation by a female’s presence has been already used for Japanese quail [ 22 ], Muscovy duck [ 23 ], emu and ostrich [ 24 ]. For the last two species, several methods of male sexual stimulation were described: by dummy (named also artificial vagina or artificial cloaca method) [ 25 , 26 ], teaser female [ 27 ], and non-teaser (human) method (male displayed courtship behaviour directed towards human [ 28 ], [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Examination of Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus L.) Behaviour Responses and Semen Quality to Two Methods of Semen Collection

Łukaszewicz

Kowalczyk

Rzońca³

2015

PLoS ONE

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Artificial insemination (AI) is very helpful in solving the reproductive and biodiversity problems observed in small, closed avian populations. The successful production of fertilized eggs using AI is dependent on the collection of good quality semen. Two methods of male sexual stimulation and semen collection from captive kept capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus L.), one of the most seriously endangered grouse species in Europe, are compared in this study. Ejaculates were obtained either with the use of a dummy female or by the dorso-abdominal massage method. Differences in the individual responses of the males to the two methods of semen collection as well as in their semen quality were noted. Only sperm concentration (432.4 x 106 mL-1 with dummy female and 614.5 x 106 mL-1 for massage method) was significantly affected by capercaillie stimulation method. Sperm motility and morphology were not affected (P≥0.05). Thus, for semen collection from captive kept capercaillie both methods can be used successfully. The dummy female can be an alternative to dorso-abdominal massage method, commonly used for semen collection from domesticated bird species.

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“…Sexual behaviour of ostriches towards human handlers in this study was, however, not influenced by husbandry treatment or any of the other factors evaluated. Although ostrich sexual behaviour is known to be stimulated by human presence mostly in birds reared artificially by humans (because human–ostrich bonds are alleged to be formed during the rearing period; [ 24 ]), the lack of differences between treatments may be attributed to the relatively young age of the birds in this study when the behavioural observations were performed (8–13 months old). Further investigations on sexual display towards humans would thus be needed when the birds reach sexual maturity at an age of 2–3 years for clarification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The behaviours recorded included approach (bird coming towards the handler), touch (bird could be touched by the handler), wing flapping (bird raising feathers up and down as the handler approached), avoidance (maintaining distance from the handler), excessive pecking (repeatedly grabbing the handler’s body or clothes), and aggression (hissing and/or kicking at the handler). In addition, sexual displays directed towards the handler, such as kantling, stepping, and clucking by males, as well as crouching and clucking by females, were recorded [ 24 , 25 ]. The expression or lack of expression of each of these behavioural traits was recorded in a binomial format as 1 or 0, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Extensive Human Presence at an Early Age on Stress Responses and Reactivity of Juvenile Ostriches towards Humans

Muvhali

Bonato

Engelbrecht³

et al. 2018

Animals

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Simple SummaryHusbandry practices for rearing ostriches in commercial farming environments are currently not optimized. Ostrich chicks may experience stressful episodes and fear of humans during routine farm management practices such as handling, which ultimately may impact on their welfare and explain the poor production performance observed in this species. However, extensive human presence and regular gentle handling has been demonstrated to alleviate stress sensitivity during handling by lowering the fear of humans in other species; be they kept as livestock, in a laboratory, or as pet animals. In this study, ostrich chicks exposed to extensive human presence and gentle handling showed lower stress sensitivity when handled for feather harvesting and clipping and were more inclined to associate with familiar humans at a later stage of their life compared with chicks that had limited human presence and care. This suggests that providing ostrich chicks with extensive human presence and gentle handling at a young age can assist in improving ostrich welfare.AbstractThe effect of extensive human presence and regular gentle handling performed at an early age (0–3 months old) on stress responses and reactivity of juvenile ostriches towards humans was investigated. A total of 416 ostrich chicks over two years were exposed to one of three treatments for three months after hatching; namely, Human Presence 1 (HP1, N = 144): extensive/prolonged human presence with physical contact (touch, stroking), gentle human voice, and visual stimuli; Human Presence 2 (HP2, N = 136): extensive/prolonged human presence without physical contact, but with gentle human voice and visual stimuli; and the Standard treatment (S, N = 136): human presence limited to routine feed and water supply as a control. At 7.5 months of age, the plasma heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio was measured before and 72 h after feather harvesting and feather clipping to determine acute stress responses, while chronic stress was measured by quantification of corticosterone (CORT) concentrations in the floss feathers of the birds. Birds’ behavioural response towards a familiar or an unfamiliar handler was evaluated at 12 months using docility and fear tests, and through behavioural observations conducted on random days between the ages of 8–13 months. Willingness to approach, and to allow touch interactions, aggressiveness, and exhibition of sexual display towards the handler, was recorded. No difference in the H/L ratios before and after feather harvesting and clipping was observed in HP1 birds, whereas H/L ratios showed a significant increase 72 h post feather harvesting and clipping in HP2 and S birds (p < 0.05). Birds from the S treatment exhibited a significantly (p < 0.05) higher feather CORT concentration compared with HP1 birds, while HP2 birds had intermediate responses. Birds’ reactivity towards humans and temperament as evaluated using behavioural observations, docility, and fear tests was not affected by treatment (p > 0.05). However, HP1 and HP2 birds ...

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Natural Mating and Artificial Insemination

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

Predicting ejaculate quality and libido in male ostriches: Effect of season and age

Predicting ejaculate quality and libido in male ostriches: Effect of season and age

Comparative Examination of Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus L.) Behaviour Responses and Semen Quality to Two Methods of Semen Collection

The Effect of Extensive Human Presence at an Early Age on Stress Responses and Reactivity of Juvenile Ostriches towards Humans

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