Natural medicines for the treatment of fatigue: Bioactive components, pharmacology, and mechanisms

Luo, Chuanhong; Xu, Xiaorong; Wei, Xichuan; Feng, Wuwen; Huang, Haozhou; Liu, Haiyan; Xu, Rui‐hua; Lin, Junzhi; Han, Li; Zhang, Dingkun

doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104409

Cited by 167 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 204 publications

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“…Resveratrol is a stilbenoid, which is produced by several plants in response to injury or when plants are under pathogen attack ( Chen et al, 2019a ; Wang et al, 2019 ). Many foods also contain resveratrol, including grapes, blueberries, raspberries, mulberries, and peanuts ( Kim et al, 2019 ), and its protective actions include antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties ( Luo et al, 2019 ). At nutritionally relevant concentrations, resveratrol increases antioxidative enzyme gene expression and inhibits transcription of proinflammatory cytokines ( Lejri et al, 2019 ; Rao et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resveratrol Improves Bnip3-Related Mitophagy and Attenuates High-Fat-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction

Tan

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Statin treatment reduces cardiovascular risk. However, individuals with well-controlled low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels may remain at increased risk owing to persistent high triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Because resveratrol promotes glucose metabolism and mitigates cardiovascular disorders, we explored its mechanism of protective action on high-fat-induced endothelial dysfunction. Human umbilical venous endothelial cells were treated with oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) in vitro. Endothelial function, cell survival, proliferation, migration, and oxidative stress were analyzed through western blots, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, ELISA, and immunofluorescence. ox-LDL induced endothelial cell apoptosis, proliferation arrest, and mobilization inhibition, all of which resveratrol reduced. ox-LDL suppressed the activities of mitochondrial respiration complex I and III and reduced levels of intracellular antioxidative enzymes, resulting in reactive oxygen species overproduction and mitochondrial dysfunction. Resveratrol treatment upregulated Bnip3-related mitophagy and prevented ox-LDL-mediated mitochondrial respiration complexes inactivation, sustaining mitochondrial membrane potential and favoring endothelial cell survival. We found that resveratrol enhanced Bnip3 transcription through hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) and 5 AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Inhibition of AMPK and HIF1 abolished resveratrol-mediated protection of mitochondrial redox balance and endothelial viability. Together, these data demonstrate resveratrol reduces hyperlipemiarelated endothelial damage by preserving mitochondrial homeostasis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resveratrol Improves Bnip3-Related Mitophagy and Attenuates High-Fat-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction

Tan

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…BLA is an important index of glucose anaerobic metabolism, which is the final product of glycolysis during high‐intensity exercise (Yang et al., 2020). The high levels of BLA produced by aerobic exercises, such as intensive swimming can reduce the pH value in muscles and blood, damage certain organs, and eventually lead to fatigue (Luo et al., 2019). BUN is another representative index of fatigue, and its concentration in the blood can reflect the metabolism of protein and amino acids (Zhang et al., 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolyzed peptides from purple perilla ( Perilla frutescens L. Britt.) seeds improve muscle synthesis and exercise performance in mice

Liu

Wei

et al. 2020

J. Food Biochem.

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The purple perilla (Perilla frutescens L. Britt.) seed peptides (PPSP) were obtained and their improvement of muscle synthesis and exercise performance was investigated in this work. Results showed that the weight-average molecular weight of the PPSP was 869 Dalton. The PPSP were rich in branched-chain amino acids (18.82 g/100 g) and anti-fatigue amino acids, including glutamate (Glu), aspartic acid (Asp), and arginine (Arg). After the administration of PPSP at 1.2 g kg-1 day-1 for 4 weeks, the muscle coefficient and muscle fiber thickness in mice displayed a distinct (p < .05) increase via the upregulation of myogenic differentiation (MyoD) and myogenin (MyoG). The improved muscle strength and exercise tolerance were also observed. Simultaneously, the levels of the biochemical blood markers associated with fatigue and the glycogen degradation in liver and muscle were significantly (p < .05) suppressed. These results suggested that PPSP could effectively promote muscle synthesis and ameliorate exercise fatigue. Practical applications Purple perilla is an annual herbal plant and widely grown in Asian countries as an important crop and food. It is believed that the protein content of purple perilla seeds can reach 23.7%, and the protein is rich in essential amino acids. However, the information about the beneficial effects of their proteins or peptides on muscle synthesis and anti-exercise fatigue were still limited. The present results discovered that the PPSP can effectively promote the growth of muscle tissue and improve exercise tolerance. It is indicated that PPSP may have a potential application value in partly or completely replacing animal proteins such as whey protein.

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“…In addition, cortisol is one of the main effective hormones of the adrenal system acting on peripheral tissues. It was found that cortisol levels in CFS patients were significantly elevated, and the pathogenesis of CFS was related to abnormal HPA negative feedback regulation or excessive activation ( Luo et al., 2019 ). CFS patients have a low level of serum cortisol during steady state, and often experience physical or emotional stress prior to the onset of the disease, which in turn activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis system, leading to increased release of cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone.…”

Section: Fatiguementioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on Main Symptoms of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Improved by Traditional Chinese Medicine

Luo

Liu

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia has become a major threat to worldwide public health, having rapidly spread to more than 180 countries and infecting over 1.6 billion people. Fever, cough, and fatigue are the most common initial symptoms of COVID-19, while some patients experience diarrhea rather than fever in the early stage. Many herbal medicine and Chinese patent medicine can significantly improve these symptoms, cure the patients experiencing a mild 22form of the illness, reduce the rate of transition from mild to severe disease, and reduce mortality. Therefore, this paper summarizes the physiopathological mechanisms of fever, cough, fatigue and diarrhea, and introduces Chinese herbal medicines (Ephedrae Herba, Gypsum Fibrosum, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Asteris Radix et Rhizoma, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Codonopsis Radix, Atractylodis Rhizoma, etc.) and Chinese patent medicines (Shuang-huang-lian, Ma-xinggan-shi-tang, etc.) with their corresponding therapeutic effects. Emphasis was placed on their material basis, mechanism of action, and clinical research. Most of these medicines possess the pharmacological activities of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, and immunity-enhancement, and may be promising medicines for the treatment or adjuvant treatment of COVID-19 patients.

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Natural medicines for the treatment of fatigue: Bioactive components, pharmacology, and mechanisms

Cited by 167 publications

References 204 publications

Resveratrol Improves Bnip3-Related Mitophagy and Attenuates High-Fat-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction

Resveratrol Improves Bnip3-Related Mitophagy and Attenuates High-Fat-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction

Hydrolyzed peptides from purple perilla ( Perilla frutescens L. Britt.) seeds improve muscle synthesis and exercise performance in mice

Research Progress on Main Symptoms of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Improved by Traditional Chinese Medicine

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