Natural mode of horizontal transmission of bovine leukemia virus (BLV): the potential role of tabanids (Tabanus spp.)

Manet, Ghislain; Guilbert, X.; Roux, A.; Vuillaume, A.; Parodi, André-Laurent

doi:10.1016/0165-2427(89)90012-3

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…BLV transmission by hematophagous insects has been reported [14-16]. In this study, we did not measure horsefly populations quantitatively on each farm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors associated with within-herd transmission of bovine leukemia virus on dairy farms in Japan

et al. 2010

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BackgroundAlthough several attempts have been made to control enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) at the local level, a nationwide control program has not been implemented in Japan, except for passive surveillance. Effective control of EBL requires that the transmission routes of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection should be identified and intercepted based on scientific evidence. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the risk factors associated with within-herd transmission of BLV on infected dairy farms in Japan. Blood samples taken from 30 randomly selected adult cows at each of 139 dairy farms were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Information on herd management was collected using a structured questionnaire.ResultsInfected farms were defined as those with more than one ELISA-positive animal and accounted for 110 (79.1%) of the 139 farms in the study. Completed questionnaires obtained from 90 of these 110 farms were used for statistical analysis. Seroprevalence, which was defined as the proportions of animals that tested positive out of all animals tested on the farm, was 17.1%, 48.1%, and 68.5% for the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles, respectively. A mixed logistic regression analysis implicated a loose housing system, dehorning, and a large number of horseflies in summer as risk factors (coefficient = 0.71, 1.11, and 0.82; p = 0.03, < 0.01, and 0.01, respectively) and feeding of colostrum to newborn calves from their dams as a protective factor (coefficient = -1.11, p = 0.03) against within-farm transmission of BLV on infected farms.ConclusionControl of EBL in infected dairy farms in Japan will be improved by focusing particularly on these risk and protective factors.

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“…BLV transmission by hematophagous insects has been reported [14-16]. In this study, we did not measure horsefly populations quantitatively on each farm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, infected lymphocytes may also be transmitted mechanically by hematophagous insects such as horseflies [14-16]. BLV transmission has also been reported through physical contact between infected and uninfected cattle [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors associated with within-herd transmission of bovine leukemia virus on dairy farms in Japan

et al. 2010

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“…We divided Japan into eight regions for the purposes of our seroprevalence survey. Although the reasons for this geographic disparity are unclear, environmental factors, such as the presence of hematophagous insects, can have an effect on BLV transmission [3,16,21]. These insects are known to be more abundant in southern regions of Japan with the horsefly a possible vector involved in the horizontal transmission of BLV.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nationwide Survey of Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection among Dairy and Beef Breeding Cattle in Japan from 2009–2011

et al. 2013

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ABSTRACT. A nationwide survey of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection was conducted among dairy and beef breeding cattle in Japan from 2009-2011 using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Of a total of 20,835 cattle tested, 35.2% were seropositive for BLV and the animal type-level seroprevalences in dairy and beef breeding cattle were 40.9 and 28.7%, respectively. By the time animals were 1 year old, 21.0% of dairy and 13.7% of beef breeding cattle were considered infected. Our findings indicate that BLV is widespread among dairy and beef breeding cattle in Japan with the BLV seroprevalences approximately 10-and 4-fold higher, respectively, than previously reported for 1980-1982 in Japan. KEY WORDS: bovine leukemia virus, cattle, nationwide survey, seroprevalence.

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“…Epizootics have been described during winter housing periods (Wile smith et al 1980), but there is evidence for involvement of insects in BL virus transmission (Bech-Nielsen et al1978). During a two-year study of 3,328 cattle in three areas of France, Manet et al (1989) found a significant correlation between the density and seasonal activity of tabanids and the rate of seroconversion to BL virus. 483 Foil et al (1989) fuscicostatus, groups of 10-20 flies would transfer from 50-200 nl of blood to recipients; 100 nl of the donor blood was shown to be infectious for calves and goats.…”

Section: Bovine Retroviruses Enzootic Bovine Leukosismentioning

confidence: 97%

Mechanical Transmission of Disease Agents by Arthropods

Foil

Gorham

2000

Medical Entomology

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Natural mode of horizontal transmission of bovine leukemia virus (BLV): the potential role of tabanids (Tabanus spp.)

Cited by 27 publications

References 7 publications

Risk factors associated with within-herd transmission of bovine leukemia virus on dairy farms in Japan

Risk factors associated with within-herd transmission of bovine leukemia virus on dairy farms in Japan

Nationwide Survey of Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection among Dairy and Beef Breeding Cattle in Japan from 2009–2011

Mechanical Transmission of Disease Agents by Arthropods

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