Natural occurrence of ochratoxin A in Tunisian cereals

Zaied, Chiraz; Abid, Salwa; Zorgui, Lazhar; Bouaziz, Chayma; Chouchane, Salwa; Jomaa, Mohamed; Bacha, Hassen

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2008.05.002

Cited by 80 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The highest frequency of positive samples (30%) and the most contaminated sample (47 μg/kg) was found in Casablanca City in Morocco (Juan et al 2008). These results were similar to those of Zaied et al (2009) (28% positive samples) and our results (30% positive samples). Ochratoxin-producing moulds can clearly contaminate rice and other grains and produce critical levels of OTA during storage.…”

Section: Significance For Public Healthsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Indeed, Zinedine et al (2007) reported a high frequency of contaminated rice from Morocco with 15% of total samples above the EU legal limits. Zaied et al (2009) reported that 28% of 96 rice samples were contaminated with OTA in Tunisia; the highest level of OTA was 150 μg/kg. In Vietnam, OTA in rice was found at concentrations of 21.3-26.2 μg/kg (Trung et al 2001).…”

Section: Significance For Public Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycotoxin levels and incidence of mould in Turkish rice

Aydın

Aksu

Günşen

2010

Environ Monit Assess

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One hundred unpackaged rice samples, each weighing 500 g, were randomly collected at retail stores and open markets in the largest rice growing area (Thrace) in Turkey and analysed for mould counts, predominant mould genera, moisture content and mycotoxin levels. Mould counts ranged from 1.0 × 10(1) to 1.5 × 10(4) cfu/g in 70 of 100 samples, and the correlation between moisture content and mould count was significant (p ≤ 0.05). Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp., potential mycotoxin producers, were the dominant moulds. In one area from which samples were collected, the mycotoxin content of rice was found to be positively correlated with moisture content; samples with higher moisture also contained higher numbers of moulds. The levels of total aflatoxins, aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A were higher than the maximum tolerable limits (4, 2 and 3 μg/kg, according to the EC Regulation and the Turkish Food Codex) for 32, 14 and 30 of 100 rice samples, respectively. This is the first comprehensive report of ochratoxin A levels in rice grown in Thrace, Turkey.

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Section: Significance For Public Healthsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Significance For Public Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxin levels and incidence of mould in Turkish rice

Aydın

Aksu

Günşen

2010

Environ Monit Assess

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“…The mycotoxin incidence with regard to cereal type for wheat, sorghum, spelt, maize, barley, rye, oat and rice was 59%, 75%, 40%, 39%, 100%, 67%, 17% and 48% respectively, and the mycotoxin incidence for snacks, pasta, soup, flour, biscuits, grain wheat, grain maize and grain rice was 50%, 46%, 53%, 63%, 67%, 52%, 36% and 52%, respectively. These results were similar to those obtained by other studies (Ghali, Hmaissia-khlifa, Ghorbel, Maaroufi, & Hedili, 2008; Schollenberger et al, 2005;Zaied et al, 2009;Zinedine et al, 2007). According to Rubert et al (2011), NIV and BEA were the mycotoxins present at the highest percentage of flour samples analysed.…”

Section: Occurrence Of Afs Bea Fbs Ota Tcs and Zensupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The maximum level of OTA (112 lg/kg), was found in wheat pasta from Tunisia. These results were higher than those obtained by Juan, Moltó, Lino, and Mañes (2008) in wheat products from Spain and Portugal and lower than those obtained by Zaied et al (2009) …”

Section: Aflatoxins and Ochratoxin Acontrasting

confidence: 75%

Co-occurrence and risk assessment of mycotoxins in food and diet from Mediterranean area

et al. 2012

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“…While a number of surveys have been carried out worldwide to obtain a general pattern of OTA contamination in cereals and cereal-derived products (Abdulkadar, Al-Ali, AlKildi, & Al-Jedah, 2004;Araguás et al, 2005;Beretta et al, 2002;Biffi et al, 2004;Blesa, Berrada, Soriano, Moltó, & Mañes, 2004;Ghali, Hmaissiakhlifa, Ghorbel, Maaroufu, & Hedilli, 2009;Lombaert et al, 2003;Molinié, Faucet, Castegnaro, & Pfohl-Leszkowicz, 2005;Polisenska et al, 2010;Roscoe et al, 2008;Vega et al, 2009;Villa & Markaki, 2009;Zaied et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2011;Zinedine et al, 2010), a few studies have been carried out in Turkey with regard to presence of OTA in cereals and cereal-derived products (Baydar, Engin, Girgin, Aydin, & Sahin, 2005;Cengiz, Oruç, Uzunoglu, & Sonal, 2007;Kabak, 2009;Uysal et al, 2009). Moreover, there is no available information about the occurrence of OTA in tarhana.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%