Natural Product Chemistry of Gorgonian Corals of the Family Plexauridae Distributed in the Indo-Pacific Ocean

Abstract

The structures, names, bioactivities and references of 105 natural products obtained from gorgonian corals belonging to the family Plexauridae with an Indo-Pacific distribution are described in this review. All compounds mentioned in this review were obtained from gorgonian corals belonging to the genera Astrogorgia, Bebryce, Echinomuricea, Euplexaura and Menella.

Marine natural products

“…25 There were three reviews of general classes of compounds that included reference to marine compoundssesquiterpenoids, 26 cembrane diterpenes, 27 and diketopiperazines. 28 Reviews of natural products from various marine sources include those from cyanobacteria, 29,30 microalgae, 31,32 actinomycetes, 33 gorgonians, 34 ascidians, 35,36 sea cucumbers, 37 sponges, [38][39][40] seaweeds 41 and their endophytic fungi, 42 the marine ora and fauna of Fiji, 43 the sponges Aplysina aerophoba 44 and Stylissa massa, 45 and from the so coral Nephthea. 46,47 Particular types of bioactivity have been reviewed in papers on marine anticancer drugs, 48 indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase inhibitors, 49 kinase inhibitors, 50 protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors, 51 compounds with reversal effects on cancer multidrug resistance, 52 steroid nuclear receptor ligands from sponges, 53 mammalian DNA polymerisation inhibitors from microorganisms 54 and marine bioactives against inammatory diseases.…”

Six New Tetraprenylated Alkaloids from the South China Sea Gorgonian Echinogorgia pseudossapo

“…Tetraprenylated purine alkaloids and their derivatives are relatively uncommon in nature [ 1 , 2 ]. They are structurally characterized by a methyl group at N-3 and a tetraprenyl chain at N-7 in the hypoxanthine core.…”