Natural remedies for Covid-19 as a driver of the illegal wildlife trade

Svolkinas, Linas; Goodman, Simon J.; Holmes, George; Ermolin, Ilya; Суворков, Павел

doi:10.1017/s0030605320000617

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Such traders purchase carcases or processed seal products (e.g. pelts or hats and other items made from seal pelts, blubber or seal oil), from fishers or middlemen and sell them in street marketplaces selling food and clothing goods (Svolkinas et al, 2020). Some market stall holders may simultaneously sell legal and illegal product (e.g.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Targeting sturgeons and seals and trading in their products is illegal, however, regulation in Dagestan is only partially effective due to corruption and limited resources for enforcement (World Wildlife Fund, 2020), allowing the IUU fishing sector to operate outside the state regulation system. It consists of approximately 400 open, self-made, small boats, typically up to 8 m length (Figure 1), working at distances ranging from 5 to 300 km from shore, in water up to 30 m deep, using large mesh gillnets (greater than 90 mm) and hook lines (Dmitrieva et al, 2013) pelts, blubber or seal oil), from fishers or middlemen and sell them in street marketplaces selling food and clothing goods (Svolkinas et al, 2020). Some market stall holders may simultaneously sell legal and illegal product (e.g.…”

Section: Study Area Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…traders of seal oil often sell fish or agricultural produce). Sturgeon and seal products are traded extensively within the region, throughout Russia and internationally (Dmitrieva et al, 2013;Ermolin & Svolkinas, 2016;Svolkinas, 2021;Svolkinas et al, 2020).…”

Section: Study Area Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently IUU fishing threatens all the economically important Caspian sturgeon species ( Acipenseridae ) with extinction and causes high mortality for the endemic endangered Caspian Seal Pusa caspica (Caspian Environment Programme, 2002; Dmitrieva et al, 2013; Strukova et al, 2016; van Uhm & Siegel, 2016). Caspian seals experience high rates of bycatch in sturgeon fisheries and ghost nets, caught as nontarget species, and are sometimes targeted for their blubber and pelts, which are traded as valuable commodities in local markets (Dmitrieva et al, 2013; Ermolin & Svolkinas, 2016, 2018; Svolkinas, 2021; Svolkinas et al, 2020). The seal population has declined by more than 90% since the start of the 20th century, to around 168,000 individuals at present (Dmitrieva et al, 2015; Goodman & Dmitrieva, 2016; Harkonen et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stakeholder consensus suggests strategies to promote sustainability in an artisanal fishery with high rates of poaching and marine mammal bycatch

et al. 2023

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1. Illegal fishing for high value species in artisanal fisheries drives incidental catch and declines of marine mammals and other large vertebrates of conservation importance around the world. Engaging with stakeholders is essential to understand which strategies will be effective in motivating the development of more sustainable practices, and disengagement from illegal fisheries.2. Here we present the results of a Q study carried out in autumn 2018 with 50 stakeholders from the Caspian Sea coast of Dagestan (Russian Federation), including fishers illegally targeting sturgeon (Acipenseridae) and Caspian seals Pusa caspica, traders and fisheries managers. We assess viewpoints on biodiversity governance; illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing; illegal wildlife trade (IWT) and conservation.3. Three distinct viewpoint groups emerged from a factor analysis, which we designated as 'Nostalgists', 'Optimists' and 'Pessimists'. Nostalgists were concerned with decline in environmental quality, and emphasised a need for increased centralised involvement of authorities reminiscent of the old Soviet system. Optimists expressed support for a well-regulated legal fisheries sector, while Pessimists were very aware of the negative impact of illegal fisheries and IWT, but felt they could not be controlled.4. Among all groups we found a strong desire for alternative livelihoods (ALs), improved sustainability and agreement on the potential effectiveness of marine protected areas (MPAs) and increased regulation, even if some stakeholders felt they were not achievable goals. 5. We used our results to inform three workshops in which Dagestani fishers and fishery experts discussed potential conservation interventions, and the barriers to their implementation. Six action types were identified including enhanced law enforcement, increased regulation, protected areas, alternative livelihoods,

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Area Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Area Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stakeholder consensus suggests strategies to promote sustainability in an artisanal fishery with high rates of poaching and marine mammal bycatch

et al. 2023

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“…Illegal and unsustainable wildlife trade threatens an increasing number of species globally (Byard, 2016; Sinovas et al ., 2017; Ribeiro et al ., 2019; Marshall et al ., 2020; McMillan et al ., 2020). Species and their parts and derivatives are coveted for various end uses, the most prominent of which include medicine, food, luxury items or as pets (Lockwood et al ., 2019; Svolkinas et al ., 2020). The pet trade has grown considerably in recent years, and reptiles are among the most heavily exploited taxa for this purpose (Herrel and van der Meijden, 2014; Auliya et al ., 2016; Marshall et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengthening protection of endemic wildlife threatened by the international pet trade: The case of the Australian shingleback lizard

Heinrich

Toomes

Shepherd

et al. 2021

Animal Conservation

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Unsustainable wildlife trade threatens an increasing number of species globally. Australia has a particularly rich and endemic herpetofauna, which is coveted on the international pet market. While Australia implements domestic protection of most of its native species, there is little to no regulation of international trade once live animals have been smuggled out of the country. This is a threat for a variety of rare, unique and/or range‐restricted species, subspecies and locality morphs. One of these species is the shingleback lizard (Tiliqua rugosa). We compiled Australian seizure data and international online trade data pertaining to shinglebacks. We found all four subspecies in trade across Asia, Europe and North America. Here we provide evidence that all four shingleback subspecies are illegally extracted from the wild in Australia and smuggled to international destinations, where they are sold and distributed globally. While shinglebacks are a protected species in Australia and can only be exported legally under a federal permit, their import into, and trade between, other countries is often not illegal, even in the absence of such a permit. These contradictory legal frameworks apply to the majority of nationally protected native fauna and must be addressed by each importing country on an individual basis; that is, by changing their legislation to cover and protect species that are nationally protected in their native range. Meanwhile, however, we argue that listing T. rugosa in Appendix III of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora is a meaningful way to provide other countries with the legal means to confiscate illegally exported shinglebacks from Australia. Our findings and recommendations are directly relevant for potential future Appendix III consideration of other nationally protected species that are found in international trade.

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COVID-related environmental concerns and aspirations for a greener, pandemic-proof future: Prospect for civil-society led change for sustainability

Kolandai,

Milne,

von Randow

et al. 2023

Environmental Development

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Natural remedies for Covid-19 as a driver of the illegal wildlife trade

Cited by 4 publications

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Stakeholder consensus suggests strategies to promote sustainability in an artisanal fishery with high rates of poaching and marine mammal bycatch

Stakeholder consensus suggests strategies to promote sustainability in an artisanal fishery with high rates of poaching and marine mammal bycatch

Strengthening protection of endemic wildlife threatened by the international pet trade: The case of the Australian shingleback lizard

COVID-related environmental concerns and aspirations for a greener, pandemic-proof future: Prospect for civil-society led change for sustainability

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