Natural resource degradation and conflict in the East African pastoral drylands

Reda, Kelemework Tafere

doi:10.1080/10246029.2015.1059350

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…At the national and local levels, institutions mean the ability to negotiate customary rights to property (Beyene, 2009;Hundie & Padmanabhan, 2011), endorsement of farmers' private rights to croplands (Kamara et al, 2004) or the security of collective rights (Toulmin et al, 2004). Another dimension is access, such as access to markets for (agro)pastoral products (Reda, 2015) and access to information and training for pastoralists to improve their bargaining position (Toulmin et al, 2004). Other implications of institutions are determined by the ability to maintain a diversified livelihood (Amede et al, 2020), especially for the women and the poor in society (Hundie & Padmanabhan, 2011;Reda, 2015).…”

Section: Institutional Meanings Distributional Outcomes Influence Act...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another dimension is access, such as access to markets for (agro)pastoral products (Reda, 2015) and access to information and training for pastoralists to improve their bargaining position (Toulmin et al, 2004). Other implications of institutions are determined by the ability to maintain a diversified livelihood (Amede et al, 2020), especially for the women and the poor in society (Hundie & Padmanabhan, 2011;Reda, 2015).…”

Section: Institutional Meanings Distributional Outcomes Influence Act...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Institutions and Pastoralist Conflicts in Africa: A Conceptual Framework

Penu

Paalo

2021

Journal of Peacebuilding & Development

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Pastoralist conflicts are important global development outcomes, especially in Africa. Analysing relevant literature on this phenomenon, we identify “institutions” as a key but fragmented theme. This blurs a composite understanding of how institutions affect these conflicts and their management. Hence, this article proposes a conceptual framework that brings harmony to this discourse by analysing 172 relevant publications. The framework was then tested using evidence from interviews and policy documents collected on a typical case in Agogo, Ghana. The findings show that pastoralist conflicts in Africa are shaped from three main dimensions: institutional change, institutional pluralism, and institutional meanings. Thus, state-level institutional changes create different institutions at the community level, and stakeholders using these institutions place different evaluations on them based on obtained outcomes. These dynamics contribute to conflict management dilemmas. Hence, the study recommends that intervention efforts examine whether new institutions contradict existing ones and to resolve them before implementation.

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Section: Institutional Meanings Distributional Outcomes Influence Act...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Institutional Meanings Distributional Outcomes Influence Act...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Institutions and Pastoralist Conflicts in Africa: A Conceptual Framework

Penu

Paalo

2021

Journal of Peacebuilding & Development

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“…This opportunistic management system continues to this day, making pastoralism an effective and efficient land use and production system for the dry lands. When managed, the practice can be carried out with minimal environmental degradation and it can help in the conservation of biodiversity and improved livelihoods, and practical climate change adaptation (Reda 2015). Where it is constrained by inappropriate policies such as land use or land tenure changes, sedentarization, and other policy disincentives, it has led to serious overgrazing, land degradation, poverty, and conflicts (FAO 2018).…”

Section: Pastoralism In Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, the continuous redrawing of artificial boundaries in the colonial and postcolonial eras has had impacts of restricting pastoralists' mobility and access to enough grazing areas. Pastoralist communities are also marginalized on the basis of their geographical remoteness (seen as communities living off marginal lands), their ethnicity, and their livelihoods, which are seen by governments across the region as outmoded and need replacing with modern livelihood systems (sedentarization) (Reda 2015).…”

Section: Policy Issues In Pastoralismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating Climate Change into Policies and Institutions Governing Pastoral Systems in East Africa

Kateka¹

2020

Climate Action

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Arid environments are classified into three major arid areas: very arid, arid, and semi-arid areas. Very arid areas have poor vegetation and annual rainfall of less than 100 millimeters, and only nomadic pastoralism is practiced. Arid areas have annual rainfall ranging between 100 and 300 millimeters, vegetation is sparse, and pastoralism and irrigated agriculture are possible. Semi-arid areas have annual precipitation between 300 and 800 millimeters, and rain-fed agriculture and sedentary nomadism are practiced. Arid lands together cover about one-third of earth's land area.

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“…Conflict and insecurity. Increasing competition and conflict over natural resources is probably the single biggest trend affecting vulnerability and pastoral livelihoods in Africa today (Mwiturubani and van Wyk, 2010;Young and Goldman, 2015;Reda, 2015;Human-Rights-Watch, 2006). It has affected all aspects of life for Plateau Fulani, reducing security of land tenure and forcing pastoralists to extensify their cattle production to maintain their herds.…”

Section: Trends In Risk and Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

Social transitions in the Savannah

Majekodunmi

2018

IJSE

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to explore social risk management strategies amongst Fulani in the subhumid zone of Nigeria; and second, to determine current status and nature of reciprocal exchange networks, risk pooling and social support for pastoral livelihoods in North-Central Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach Surveys of cattle productivity and pastoral livelihoods were carried out amongst Fulani pastoralists on the Jos Plateau: between 2008 and 2013 using participatory epidemiology methods and the sustainable livelihoods framework. Qualitative and quantitative data on livelihood activities, knowledge, attitudes and practices of animal husbandry and disease control, wealth grouping, herd entries and exits was gathered to determine the current state of cattle productivity and pastoral livelihoods in the study area. Findings Results show that reciprocal exchange networks for risk management have mostly disintegrated and patron-client relationships have become an important social risk management strategy. Practical implications This research has significant implications for sustainability of Fulani livelihoods and communities: decreased social risk-management strategies and increased self-reliance means that the most vulnerable households will find it more difficult to withstand shocks and climb out of poverty. Wealthier households may cope better with high incidence/low severity shocks like but are more vulnerable to low incidence/high severity shocks. Likewise, decreased social cohesion reduces the ability of communities to mobilise and act collectively in the face of community-level shocks. This is very important for engagement with the state – a crucial process, given current levels of acrimony and conflict. Originality/value Given the high levels of farmer-herder conflict and civil unrest in this region over the past 15 years this research is valuable in providing insights into economic drivers of conflict, current dynamics of pastoral livelihoods and social cohesion within and between communities.

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Natural resource degradation and conflict in the East African pastoral drylands

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Institutions and Pastoralist Conflicts in Africa: A Conceptual Framework

Institutions and Pastoralist Conflicts in Africa: A Conceptual Framework

Integrating Climate Change into Policies and Institutions Governing Pastoral Systems in East Africa

Social transitions in the Savannah

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