Natural rice rhizospheric microbes suppress rice blast infections

Spence, Carla; Alff, Emily; Johnson, Cort; Ramos, Cassandra; Donofrio, Nicole; Sundaresan, Venkatesan; Bais, Harsh P.

doi:10.1186/1471-2229-14-130

Cited by 196 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…A recent study showed the existence of a distinct root microbiome in rice plants (Spence et al 2014). It was shown that rice harbors a distinct microbiome with functional relevance to a plant's defense against biotic and abiotic stress (Spence et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A natural rice rhizospheric bacterium abates arsenic accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Lakshmanan

Shantharaj

et al. 2015

Planta

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A natural rice rhizospheric isolate abates arsenic uptake in rice by increasing Fe plaque formation on rice roots. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the staple food for over half of the world's population, but its quality and yield are impacted by arsenic (As) in some regions of the world. Bacterial inoculants may be able to mitigate the negative impacts of arsenic assimilation in rice, and we identified a nonpathogenic, naturally occurring rice rhizospheric bacterium that decreases As accumulation in rice shoots in laboratory experiments. We isolated several proteobacterial strains from a rice rhizosphere that promote rice growth and enhance the oxidizing environment surrounding rice root. One Pantoea sp. strain (EA106) also demonstrated increased iron (Fe)-siderophore in culture. We evaluated EA106's ability to impact rice growth in the presence of arsenic, by inoculation of plants with EA106 (or control), subsequently grew the plants in As-supplemented medium, and quantified the resulting plant biomass, Fe and As concentrations, localization of Fe and As, and Fe plaque formation in EA106-treated and control plants. These results show that both arsenic and iron concentrations in rice can be altered by inoculation with the soil microbe EA106. The enhanced accumulation of Fe in the roots and in root plaques suggests that EA106 inoculation improves Fe uptake by the root and promotes the formation of a more oxidative environment in the rhizosphere, thereby allowing more expansive plaque formation. Therefore, this microbe may have the potential to increase food quality through a reduction in accumulation of toxic As species within the aerial portions of the plant.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A natural rice rhizospheric bacterium abates arsenic accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Lakshmanan

Shantharaj

et al. 2015

Planta

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“…However, recent studies have focused on evaluating belowground microbial community diversity. Its influence on host structure has advanced our understanding of this exciting interaction (Bulgarelli et al, 2012;Lundberg et al, 2012;Chaparro et al, 2014; for review, see Chaparro et al, 2012;Turner et al, 2013a;Huang et al, 2014;Spence et al, 2014). Furthermore, scientific attempts are required to expand our molecular understanding of the plant-microbiome interaction and its impact on plant health and productivity.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mutually, the rhizosphere organisms can influence the plant by producing regulatory compounds. Thus, the rhizospheric microbiome acts as a highly evolved external functional milieu for plants (for review, see Bais et al, 2006;Badri et al, 2009b;Pineda et al, 2010;Shi et al, 2011;Philippot et al, 2013;Spence and Bais, 2013;Turner et al, 2013a;Spence et al, 2014). In another sense, it is considered as a second genome to a plant (Berendsen et al, 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

Functional Soil Microbiome: Belowground Solutions to an Aboveground Problem

2014

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There is considerable evidence in the literature that beneficial rhizospheric microbes can alter plant morphology, enhance plant growth, and increase mineral content. Of late, there is a surge to understand the impact of the microbiome on plant health. Recent research shows the utilization of novel sequencing techniques to identify the microbiome in model systems such as Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and maize (Zea mays). However, it is not known how the community of microbes identified may play a role to improve plant health and fitness. There are very few detailed studies with isolated beneficial microbes showing the importance of the functional microbiome in plant fitness and disease protection. Some recent work on the cultivated microbiome in rice (Oryza sativa) shows that a wide diversity of bacterial species is associated with the roots of field-grown rice plants. However, the biological significance and potential effects of the microbiome on the host plants are completely unknown. Work performed with isolated strains showed various genetic pathways that are involved in the recognition of host-specific factors that play roles in beneficial host-microbe interactions. The composition of the microbiome in plants is dynamic and controlled by multiple factors. In the case of the rhizosphere, temperature, pH, and the presence of chemical signals from bacteria, plants, and nematodes all shape the environment and influence which organisms will flourish. This provides a basis for plants and their microbiomes to selectively associate with one another. This Update addresses the importance of the functional microbiome to identify phenotypes that may provide a sustainable and effective strategy to increase crop yield and food security.

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“…These root associated pseudomonads contribute to plant growth and health through a variety of plant probiotic mechanisms (Table 21.1 ). For instance, pseudomonads are one of the main prokaryotic taxonomic groups actively involved in protection of plant roots against fungal pathogen attack (Mendes et al 2011 ;Spence et al 2014 ). Many (but not all) species are profi cient in secretion of siderophores (Cornelis 2010 ), which contribute to their competitive root colonizing ability (Lugtenberg and Kamilova 2009 ), and cause the appearance of fl uorescent halos around colonies developed on iron limited media (i.e., "fl uorescent pseudomonads").…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudomonas and Azospirillum

Valverde

Anta²,

Ferraris³

2015

Handbook for Azospirillum

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Pseudomonas strains are fast growing, genetically diverse and metabolically versatile bacteria. Many pseudomonad species are preferential inhabitants of the rhizosphere of plants, reaching up to 10 8 CFU/g of roots for crop species like soybean or maize in the fi eld. Rhizospheric pseudomonads contribute to plant growth and health through a variety of plant probiotic mechanisms, including protection of roots against fungal pathogen attack. Due to their relative ease to isolate and cultivate in the lab, there is an enormous wealth of knowledge about physiological, biochemical, and genetic traits of pseudomonads. Based on their PGPR traits, several inoculant products are commercialized, either for seed, foliar, or postharvest treatment of crops, vegetables, and fruits. Provided that pseudomonads share the rhizosphere niche with Azospirillum species, as well as with many other PGPR microorganisms, combined formulations have also become available for agronomic purposes. However, little information about interspecies and multispecies interactions is available. This chapter describes microbiological, genetic, and agronomic tools that may be applied to isolate and characterize novel Pseudomonas spp. from diverse source materials, to study their interaction with Azospirillum cells in the context of dual or multispecies inoculants, and to evaluate the quality and effectiveness of formulated products.

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Natural rice rhizospheric microbes suppress rice blast infections

Cited by 196 publications

References 81 publications

A natural rice rhizospheric bacterium abates arsenic accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

A natural rice rhizospheric bacterium abates arsenic accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Functional Soil Microbiome: Belowground Solutions to an Aboveground Problem

Pseudomonas and Azospirillum

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