Natural sunlight driven highly efficient photocatalysis for simultaneous degradation of rhodamine B and methyl orange using I/C codoped TiO2 photocatalyst

Immobilized carbon-doped TiO2 in polyamide fibers for the degradation of methylene blue

“…This result shows close agreement with previous studies on carbon-doped TiO 2 , in which formation of anatase was found with or without the presence of carbon [12]. The addition of carbon to favour the formation of anatase was also shown in previous studies [11,12,17,20], where the addition of carbon improved anatase formation and inhibited rutile formation. Figure 1(b) shows specifically in the diffraction range between 23°and 28°.…”

“…The surface area improved by more than two times with the addition of sucrose at a 1:1 ratio to TiO 2 . Similar results for improvement in surface area with carbon-doping were found for ZnO and TiO 2 in previous studies, which might be caused by restrained growth of TiO 2 in the presence of carbon [11,38,39]. It is known that materials with higher surface areas provide better photocatalytic efficiency in terms of surface reaction performance by providing more reaction sites [17,40].…”

“…Figure 1(b) shows specifically in the diffraction range between 23°and 28°. It is apparent that there is a slight shifting of the peak [101] to a higher degree for carbon-doped TiO 2 which indicates doping with carbon by replacing the oxygen atom in TiO 2 [11,17,18]. This result is supported by FTIR analysis in Figure 2(a).…”

“…Therefore, the most favourable and best type of dopant for use as an alternative for increasing photocatalytic activity is a non-metal dopant. Previous research on the use of carbon as a dopant or additive in TiO 2 systems have been widely performed to degrade organic pollutants such as methylene blue [9], methyl orange [10,11], bisphenol A [10], rhodamine B [12][13][14][15], p-nitrophenol [16], dymethylhydrazine [17], ciprofloxacin [18], rosebengal dye [19], tetracycline hydrochloride [20], ammonia nitrogen [21], and stearic acid [22]. The doping of carbon in the TiO 2 matrix could narrow the band gap through modification of the electronic band structure of TiO 2 by forming a valence band-tail state [23].…”

Photoinduced processes of adsorbed and associated dye molecules in mesoporous titania coatings

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] In many studies dyes are used as model materials in photocatalytic measurements [8][9][10][11], as they are easily detected by optical spectroscopic methods; furthermore, dyesemiconductor systems have practical importance in the fields of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) [4,12], and waste water treatment in the textile industry where dyes are major pollutants [13][14][15]. Most studies measure the absorbance decrease of dye solutions containing photoactive materials under ultraviolet (UV) or visible light [9,[16][17][18][19][20][21], and only a fraction of the literature describes measurements on the air-solid interface, which can provide a simple model system and can be especially important for self-cleaning coatings [22][23][24][25][26][27].…”