Natural tree shade increases milk stability of lactating dairy cows during the summer in the subtropics

Abreu, A. S.; Fischer, Vívian; Stumpf, Marcelo Tempel; McManus, Concepta; González, Félix Hilario Díaz; Silva, Jéssica B S da; Heisler, Guilherme

doi:10.1017/s0022029920000916

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Titratable acidity differed among groups but stayed inside the preconized range (14 to 18ºD) and in the same ascending tendency observed before starting the experiment: H100<H75<H50. In Abreu et al (2020), cows under stress and without shade showed a loss of stability associated with higher titratable acidity. Holstein cattle (H100) are more heat susceptible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Elevated temperature-humidity index induces physiological, blood and milk alterations in Holstein cows in a more pronounced manner than in 1/2 and 3/4 Holstein × Gir

Stumpf

Kolling

Fischer

et al. 2021

JABB

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Elevated temperature-humidity index induces physiological, blood and milk alterations in Holstein cows in a more pronounced manner than in 1/2 and 3/4 Holstein × Gir

Stumpf

Kolling

Fischer

et al. 2021

JABB

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“…However, only 27-39% of the variations in milk yield, acidity, protein and lactose concentrations are explained by feed restriction. Authors acknowledge the multifactorial nature of milk stability, reflecting variations in mineral composition (Tsioulpas et al, 2007), acidity and caseins affected by feeding practices (Gabbi et al, 2015(Gabbi et al, , 2018 as well as animal health, breed (Vizzotto et al, 2021), metabolic status (Marques et al, 2011), lactation stage (Marques et al, 2010a) and heat stress (Abreu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of diet restriction on raw milk stability: a meta-analytical approach

Garcia,

Bettencourt,

Aires

et al. 2023

Journal of Dairy Research

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This research communication was designed to evaluate the effects of different levels of diet restriction on the composition and ethanol stability (MES) of raw bovine milk. This research was carried out using three electronic databases: Scopus, Pubmed and Web of Science. The main inclusion criteria were: (i) original research, (ii) use of alcohol (ethanol) test as a method to assess milk stability, (iii) measure different levels of feed restriction and (iv) allow access to the raw data of articles. Of the nine publications that addressed the subject filtered by the systematic review, seven fitted the selection criteria and were selected to perform the meta-analysis. Feed restriction (reduction of 20, 30, 40 and 50% of the dietary dry matter offered) decreased (P < 0.01) milk yield (−18%), ethanol stability (−5%), acidity (−4%), protein (−3%) and lactose (−2%) concentrations, but did not affect the values of pH, density, fat and total solids concentrations, nor somatic cell count. The correlation between milk yield and MES was low but positive and numerically higher in the control group compared with the restriction group. The milk of cows fed the control diet presented greater ethanol stability (76.5%) compared with milk of cows fed the restrictive diet (72.8%). This decrease by up to 4 percentage units due to restriction levels ranging from 20 to 50% of diet intake may cause limitations in milk processing at the dairy industry, increasing milk rejection.

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“…Several factors affect milk stability, including nutrition (Stumpf et al ., 2013), feeding (Pinheiro et al ., 2022), genetics (Davis et al ., 2001), age or number of lactations, lactation stage (Omoarukhe et al ., 2010), environmental factors, mammary gland health including bacterial contamination (Zanela et al ., 2006), methodological factors (Zanela and Ribeiro, 2018), heat stress (Abreu et al ., 2020) and the concentration of ionized calcium (iCa) in milk (Akkerman et al ., 2019). These factors have already been identified and associated with cases of low milk stability on small farms, however, few studies have evaluated the effect of these factors on milk stability in herds with different levels of technical management.…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of variables related to high stability of raw cow milk

Martins,

Marinho,

Fischer

et al. 2024

Journal of Dairy Research

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This research paper analyzes the stability of raw cow milk in the alcohol test and seeks to understand to know the factors that influence milk stability and the occurrence of unstable non-acid milk. Milk samples were collected from the cooling tanks of rural farmers in the state of Paraná twice in summer and twice in winter. The farms were classified according to the production system: pasture with supplementation and feedlot. The following variables were analyzed: stability in the alcohol test, titratable acidity, ionized calcium concentration (iCa), chemical composition of milk, somatic cell count and standard plate count. The results showed that milk stability was greater in winter vs. summer, when the milk contained higher iCa, and in the feedlot vs. pasture system. The Pearson Correlation between variables (ethanol stability, milk composition, iCa, cooling tank temperature, milk volume, number of milking, number of cows milked, fat/protein ratio, distance and travel time) were analyzed. Stability was negatively correlated with iCa concentration and positively with lactose content. Logistic regression of the risk of unstable non-acid milk at 72% alcohol (UNAM72) showed that only iCa and lactose were determinants, while evaluation of the same risk at 78% alcohol revealed iCa, titratable acidity, lactose and milk urea nitrogen as risk factors. Under the dairy farming conditions of Paraná state, the frequency of UNAM72 was low (12.16%) and was higher in summer and in pasture systems with supplementation. In conclusion, in dairy herds bred with high technological level, with adequate nutritional and health management, the frequency of UNAM is low and is related to nutritional management abnd, perhaps, heat stress, factors that alter iCa and lactose levels.

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Natural tree shade increases milk stability of lactating dairy cows during the summer in the subtropics

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Elevated temperature-humidity index induces physiological, blood and milk alterations in Holstein cows in a more pronounced manner than in 1/2 and 3/4 Holstein × Gir

Elevated temperature-humidity index induces physiological, blood and milk alterations in Holstein cows in a more pronounced manner than in 1/2 and 3/4 Holstein × Gir

The effect of diet restriction on raw milk stability: a meta-analytical approach

Characterization of variables related to high stability of raw cow milk

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