Natural variability of surface oceanographic conditions in the offshore Gulf of Mexico

Muller‐Karger, Frank E.; Smith, Joseph P.; Werner, Sandra R.; Chen, Robert; Roffer, Mitchell A.; Liu, Yanyun; Muhling, Barbara A.; David, Léa; Lamkin, John T.; Cerdeira‐Estrada, Sergio; Enfield, David B.

doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2014.12.007

Cited by 137 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Loop Current entering the Gulf through the Yucatán Channel, and interacting with the extensive continental shelf area of the Yucatán Peninsula, provide specific oceanographic conditions to the area such as upwellings that are also relevant to many species (Muller-Karger et al 2015). Moreover, the identification of these two areas as relevant is consistent with the identification of different biological productivity areas of the Gulf coastal waters using remote sensing data (Salmerón- García et al 2011, Callejas-Jiménez et al 2012).…”

Section: Implications For Conservationsupporting

confidence: 60%

How do en route events around the Gulf of Mexico influence migratory landbird populations?

et al. 2017

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Section: Implications For Conservationsupporting

confidence: 60%

How do en route events around the Gulf of Mexico influence migratory landbird populations?

et al. 2017

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“…Finally, future projections of environmental scenarios suggest substantial increases in both river runoff and thermal stratification in the northern GoM due to anthropogenic climate change (Tao et al, 2014;Liu et al, 2015). Therefore, how 15 such environmental disturbances acting at multiple timescales can alter the subtle imbalances between primary production and biological losses (or between biological and physical driven biomass fluxes) is a topic that deserves further attention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mellor and Yamada 2.5-level closure scheme is used for vertical turbulence (Galperin et al, 1988). Initial and open boundary conditions are derived from a 25 km-resolution basin-scale model (Liu et al, 2015). Surface heat flux and 30 wind stress are estimated using bulk parameterization.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal Patterns in Phytoplankton Biomass across the Northern and Deep Gulf of Mexico: A Numerical Model Study

Gómez¹,

Lee²,

Liu³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. Biogeochemical models that simulate realistic lower trophic levels dynamics, including the representation of main phytoplankton and zooplankton functional groups, are valuable tools for our understanding of natural and anthropogenic disturbances in marine ecosystems. However, previous three-dimensional biogeochemical modeling studies in the northern and deep Gulf of Mexico (GoM) have used only one phytoplankton and one zooplankton type. To advance our modeling 15 capability of the GoM ecosystem and to investigate the dominant spatial and seasonal patterns phytoplankton biomass, we configured a 14-component biogeochemical model that explicitly represents nanophytoplankton, diatoms, micro-, and mesozooplankton. Our model outputs compare well with satellite and in situ observations, reproducing dominant seasonal patterns in chlorophyll and primary production. The model results show that diatom growth is strongly silica limited (>95%) in the deep GoM, and both nitrogen and silica limited (30-70%) in the northern shelf. Nanophytoplankton growth is weakly 20 nutrient limited in the Mississippi delta year-round (<20%), and strongly nutrient limited in the deep GoM during summer (~80%). Such nutrient limitation patterns influence the spatial and seasonal phytoplankton composition, with the mean diatom to total phytoplankton biomass ratio ranging from ~0.5 near the Mississippi delta to <0.1 in the deep GoM. The examination of primary production and net phytoplankton growth indicates that the biomass losses, mainly due to zooplankton grazing, play an important role modulating the seasonal biomass patterns of the nanophytoplankton and 25 diatoms. Our analysis further shows that the dominant physical process influencing the net phytoplankton growth is horizontal advection in the northern shelf, and vertical diffusion in the deep GoM. This study highlights the importance of representing small and large size plankton dynamics to describe primary production patterns, and emphases the needs for an integrated analysis of biologically and physically driven biomass fluxes to better understand phytoplankton biomass phenologies in the GoM. 30Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi

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“…The influence of river runoff on plankton production substantially decreases offshore (Green and Gould, 2008). In the oligotrophic deep GoM, the spatiotemporal patterns in phytoplankton biomass are mainly associated with seasonal changes in thermal stratification and mesoscale ocean dynamics (e.g., Muller-Karger et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal patterns in phytoplankton biomass across the northern and deep Gulf of Mexico: a numerical model study

et al. 2018

Self Cite

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Abstract. Biogeochemical models that simulate realistic lower-trophic-level dynamics, including the representation of main phytoplankton and zooplankton functional groups, are valuable tools for improving our understanding of natural and anthropogenic disturbances in marine ecosystems. Previous three-dimensional biogeochemical modeling studies in the northern and deep Gulf of Mexico (GoM) have used only one phytoplankton and one zooplankton type. To advance our modeling capability of the GoM ecosystem and to investigate the dominant spatial and seasonal patterns of phytoplankton biomass, we configured a 13-component biogeochemical model that explicitly represents nanophytoplankton, diatoms, micro-, and mesozooplankton. Our model outputs compare reasonably well with observed patterns in chlorophyll, primary production, and nutrients over the Louisiana-Texas shelf and deep GoM region. Our model suggests silica limitation of diatom growth in the deep GoM during winter and near the Mississippi delta during spring. Model nanophytoplankton growth is weakly nutrient limited in the Mississippi delta year-round and strongly nutrient limited in the deep GoM during summer. Our examination of primary production and net phytoplankton growth from the model indicates that the biomass losses, mainly due to zooplankton grazing, play an important role in modulating the simulated seasonal biomass patterns of nanophytoplankton and diatoms. Our analysis further shows that the dominant physical process influencing the local rate of change of model phytoplankton is horizontal advection in the northern shelf and vertical mixing in the deep GoM. This study highlights the need for an integrated analysis of biologically and physically driven biomass fluxes to better understand phytoplankton biomass phenologies in the GoM.

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Natural variability of surface oceanographic conditions in the offshore Gulf of Mexico

Cited by 137 publications

References 109 publications

How do en route events around the Gulf of Mexico influence migratory landbird populations?

How do en route events around the Gulf of Mexico influence migratory landbird populations?

Seasonal Patterns in Phytoplankton Biomass across the Northern and Deep Gulf of Mexico: A Numerical Model Study

Seasonal patterns in phytoplankton biomass across the northern and deep Gulf of Mexico: a numerical model study

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