Natural Variation of Fatty Acid Desaturase Gene Affects Linolenic Acid Content and Starch Pasting Viscosity in Rice Grains

Zhang, Liting; Xia, Yu; Dong, Yage; Xie, Tianyi; Sun, Wenqiang; Yu, Sibin

doi:10.3390/ijms231912055

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…JA is synthesized from α‐linolenic acid, which is one of the most abundant unsaturated fatty acids in higher plants (He & Ding, 2020). Moreover, PLD, ACOT, SCD and omega‐3 FAD are key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and α‐linolenic acid (Chen et al, 2014; Liu et al, 2022; Zhang et al, 2022a), especially PLD, which catalyzes phosphatidylcholine to α‐linolenic acid, the first step in JA biosynthesis (Hatakeyama et al, 2003). After AA application, the expression of these genes showed a similar sexually different alteration as the JA response in willows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetic acid enhances drought tolerance more in female than in male willows

Xia

Yao

Zeng

et al. 2023

Physiologia Plantarum

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Drought is an important stress factor that limits plant growth and development. Female willows generally display stronger drought tolerance than males. The application of exogenous acetic acid (AA) has emerged as an efficient and eco‐friendly approach to facilitate drought tolerance in willows. However, whether AA exerts sexually different effects on willows remains undefined. In this study, we comprehensively performed morphological and physiological analyses on three willow species, Salix rehderiana, Salix babylonica, and Salix matsudana, to investigate the sexually different responses to drought and AA. The results indicated that willow females were more drought‐tolerant than males. AA application effectively enhanced willows' drought tolerance, and females applied with AA displayed greater root distribution and activity, stronger osmotic and antioxidant capacity and photosynthetic rate but less reactive oxygen species, or abscisic acid‐mediated stomatal closure than males. In addition, AA application enhanced the jasmonic acid signaling pathway in females but inhibited it in males, conferring stronger drought defense capacity in female willows than in males. Overall, AA application improves drought tolerance more in female than in male willows, further enlarging the sexual differences in willows under drought‐stressed conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetic acid enhances drought tolerance more in female than in male willows

Xia

Yao

Zeng

et al. 2023

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…Ectopic overexpression of GmFAD3 in rice enhances seed germination rate by reducing the membrane lipid peroxidation under cold stress (Wang et al., 2019). Overexpression of OsFAD3‐1 driven by a seed‐specific promoter increases the linolenic acid content up to 16‐folds in the endosperm (Zhang et al., 2022). In this study, our data showed that OsTIL1 enhanced the transcription and enzyme abundance of four ω‐3 FADs (OsFAD3‐1, OsFAD3‐2, OsFAD7 and OsFAD8) in rice seedlings under cold stress (Figure 7E–I).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The OsTIL1 lipocalin protects cell membranes from reactive oxygen species damage and maintains the 18:3‐containing glycerolipid biosynthesis under cold stress in rice

Ji,

Zhang,

Liu

et al. 2023

The Plant Journal

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SUMMARYLipocalins constitute a conserved protein family that binds to and transports a variety of lipids while fatty acid desaturases (FADs) are required for maintaining the cell membrane fluidity under cold stress. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether plant lipocalins promote FADs for the cell membrane integrity under cold stress. Here, we identified the role of OsTIL1 lipocalin in FADs‐mediated glycerolipid remodeling under cold stress. Overexpression and CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene edition experiments demonstrated that OsTIL1 positively regulated cold stress tolerance by protecting the cell membrane integrity from reactive oxygen species damage and enhancing the activities of peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase, which was confirmed by combined cold stress with a membrane rigidifier dimethyl sulfoxide or a H2O2 scavenger dimethyl thiourea. OsTIL1 overexpression induced higher 18:3 content, and higher 18:3/18:2 and (18:2 + 18:3)/18:1 ratios than the wild type under cold stress whereas the gene edition mutant showed the opposite. Furthermore, the lipidomic analysis showed that OsTIL1 overexpression led to higher contents of 18:3‐mediated glycerolipids, including galactolipids (monoglactosyldiacylglycerol and digalactosyldiacylglycerol) and phospholipids (phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl serine and phosphatidyl inositol) under cold stress. RNA‐seq and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay analyses indicated that OsTIL1 overexpression enhanced the transcription and enzyme abundance of four ω‐3 FADs (OsFAD3‐1/3‐2, 7, and 8) under cold stress. These results reveal an important role of OsTIL1 in maintaining the cell membrane integrity from oxidative damage under cold stress, providing a good candidate gene for improving cold tolerance in rice.

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“…Zinc Over-expression of OsIRT1; involvement of genes in phytosiderophore synthesis [86] High amino acid and protein content Accumulation of glycinin with the glutelins; dihydrodipicolinate synthase gene; tryptophan accumulation; over-expression of aspartate aminotransferase genes [60,87] Alpha-linolenic acid Microsomal omega-3 fatty acid desaturase gene [88] Flavonoids and antioxidants Flavonoids synthesis in the endosperm; transgenic [89] Climate change has a significant impact on agriculture, while agriculture itself plays a crucial role as a contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Total emissions on agricultural land in 2020 amounted to 10.5 billion tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (Gt CO2eq) of GHG released into the atmosphere [90].…”

Section: Biofortification Breeding Approach Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetically Modified Rice Is Associated with Hunger, Health, and Climate Resilience

Kobayashi

Wang

2023

Foods

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While nearly one in nine people in the world deals with hunger, one in eight has obesity, and all face the threat of climate change. The production of rice, an important cereal crop and staple food for most of the world’s population, faces challenges due to climate change, the increasing global population, and the simultaneous prevalence of hunger and obesity worldwide. These issues could be addressed at least in part by genetically modified rice. Genetic engineering has greatly developed over the century. Genetically modified rice has been approved by the ISAAA’s GM approval database as safe for human consumption. The aim behind the development of this rice is to improve the crop yield, nutritional value, and food safety of rice grains. This review article provides a summary of the research data on genetically modified rice and its potential role in improving the double burden of malnutrition, primarily through increasing nutritional quality as well as grain size and yield. It also reviews the potential health benefits of certain bioactive components generated in genetically modified rice. Furthermore, this article discusses potential solutions to these challenges, including the use of genetically modified crops and the identification of quantitative trait loci involved in grain weight and nutritional quality. Specifically, a quantitative trait locus called grain weight on chromosome 6 has been identified, which was amplified by the Kasa allele, resulting in a substantial increase in grain weight and brown grain. An overexpressing a specific gene in rice, Oryza sativa plasma membrane H+-ATPase1, was observed to improve the absorption and assimilation of ammonium in the roots, as well as enhance stomatal opening and photosynthesis rate in the leaves under light exposure. Cloning research has also enabled the identification of several underlying quantitative trait loci involved in grain weight and nutritional quality. Finally, this article discusses the increasing threats of climate change such as methane–nitrous oxide emissions and global warming, and how they may be significantly improved by genetically modified rice through modifying a water-management technique. Taken together, this comprehensive review will be of particular importance to the field of bioactive components of cereal grains and food industries trying to produce high-quality functional cereal foods through genetic engineering.

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Natural Variation of Fatty Acid Desaturase Gene Affects Linolenic Acid Content and Starch Pasting Viscosity in Rice Grains

Cited by 5 publications

References 46 publications

Acetic acid enhances drought tolerance more in female than in male willows

Acetic acid enhances drought tolerance more in female than in male willows

The OsTIL1 lipocalin protects cell membranes from reactive oxygen species damage and maintains the 18:3‐containing glycerolipid biosynthesis under cold stress in rice

Genetically Modified Rice Is Associated with Hunger, Health, and Climate Resilience

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