Natural weathering of polypropylene films. II. Ultimate properties and exposure time

Uzomah, T. C.; Unuoha, G. C.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19980926)69:13<2533::aid-app2>3.0.co;2-b

Cited by 11 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…Polymer degradation is mainly caused by chemical bond scission reactions in macromolecules [3]. Several studies have been reported on the thermal, photo, biological and outdoor weathering of polymer composites [4][5][6][7][8]. It was found that long-term exposure of the composites to elevated conditions affect the mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental effects in oil palm fiber reinforced phenol formaldehyde composites: Studies on thermal, biological, moisture and high energy radiation effects

Sreekala¹,

Kumaran²,

Geethakumariamma³

et al. 2004

Advanced Composite Materials

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Accelerated weathering studies of untreated and treated oil palm fiber reinforced phenol formaldehyde composites and oil palm/glass hybrid fiber reinforced phenol formaldehyde composites were conducted. Thermal, water, biological and γ radiation effects on the composite properties were analysed. Mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural and impact properties of thermal and water aged samples were investigated. The extent of biodegradation and γ irradiation effects was estimated from variations in tensile and impact properties. The tensile and impact fracture mechanism and changes in fiber-matrix adhesion were studied using scanning electron microscopic analysis. The changes in the tensile and flexural stress-strain characteristics as well as deformation behaviour of aged composites are well explained by respective stress-strain curves. Mechanical performance of the composites decreased upon thermal ageing. Marked decrease in these properties of the composites is observed upon radiation ageing. However water immersion leads to an increase in strength properties in some treated composites such as on acetylation, silane, acrylonitrile grafting, isocyanate, permanganate treatment, alkali treatment etc. It is found that oil palm fiber increases the biodegradability of the composites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental effects in oil palm fiber reinforced phenol formaldehyde composites: Studies on thermal, biological, moisture and high energy radiation effects

Sreekala¹,

Kumaran²,

Geethakumariamma³

et al. 2004

Advanced Composite Materials

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Structure and properties of isotactic polypropylene functionalized by ultraviolet irradiation

Guan

2000

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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Natural weathering of polypropylene in a tropical zone

Bedia¹,

Paglicawan²,

Bernas³

et al. 2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Natural weathering of isotactic polypropylene (PP) plates (2 mm in thickness) was conducted for 15 months in the Philippines. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy revealed that the surface layer (200 -300 nm in thickness) was affected in the first month, and cracks are formed toward the deeper layer. On the basis of the microscopic observations along with FTIR, DSC, GPC, and tensile strength measurements, the following degradation mechanism of PP was proposed. At first, through oxygen introduced into the PP, only the surface layer seems to be affected. Gradually, the surface layer may be removed, exposing the inner layer. Then, molecular chains of the inner layer start to be degraded, accompanying a significant loss of tensile properties. Part of the degraded materials seems to be eroded, leading to the formation of cracks on the surface of the uncovered inner layer. Finally, the original surface layer may be totally eroded, making the structure of the inner layer (which should reflect the spherulitic texture) evident.

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Natural weathering of polypropylene films. II. Ultimate properties and exposure time

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Environmental effects in oil palm fiber reinforced phenol formaldehyde composites: Studies on thermal, biological, moisture and high energy radiation effects

Environmental effects in oil palm fiber reinforced phenol formaldehyde composites: Studies on thermal, biological, moisture and high energy radiation effects

Structure and properties of isotactic polypropylene functionalized by ultraviolet irradiation

Natural weathering of polypropylene in a tropical zone

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