Natural zeolite from Pacitan Indonesia, as catalyst support for transesterification of palm oil

Kusuma, Ricky Indra; Hadinoto, Johan Prabowo; Ayucitra, Aning; Soetaredjo, Felycia Edi; Ismadji, Suryadi

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2012.04.021

Cited by 101 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR) spectra were recorded on a Bruker Tensor 27 spectrometer, using KBr pellets for solids. 1 H and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were recorded on 400 MHz machine, Bruker Advance DRX spectrometer in DMSO-d 6 and CDCl 3 , using tetramethylsilane as an internal reference. Scheme 1 Synthesis of tetraketones 3a-3o and xanthenes 4a-4o…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural phosphate as an efficient and green catalyst for synthesis of tetraketone and xanthene derivatives

et al. 2016

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Natural phosphate was applied as an efficient and ecofriendly catalyst for the synthesis of tetraketones (2-2.5 h, 90-100 %) and xanthenes (6.5-8.5 h, 84-95 %) via Knoevenagel-Michael cascade reaction of aromatic aldehydes with 1,3-cyclic diketones in water and ethanol, respectively. This protocol provides several advantages over the traditional chemical synthesis, such as simple work-up, easy handling procedure, nontoxicity and stability of catalyst, low cost and environmental friendliness. Graphical Abstract& Mahmood Tajbakhsh

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Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solid catalysts are known as new alternatives to replace homogeneous catalysts due to advantages including less corrosive action, being easier to handle and separate, as well as being reusable and generating less amount of toxic wastes [1]. Natural phosphate (NP) is readily available, cheap, nontoxic and a non-pollutant [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural phosphate as an efficient and green catalyst for synthesis of tetraketone and xanthene derivatives

et al. 2016

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“…Such a treatment process can lead to the formation of various types of zeolites under different reaction conditions such as varying temperature, alkaline reagent concentration, reaction time, and solution/fly ash ratio [16]. Zeolites have shown promising results as catalysts in the transesterification of refined and waste oils [10][11][12][18][19][20]. However, a few studies have reported the chemical kinetics of transesterification with zeolite as a catalyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Hydro-Sodalite as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Reaction Kinetics of Soybean Oil Trans-Esterification

Manique¹,

Lacerda²,

Alves³

et al. 2018

J Material Sci Eng

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A kinetic study evaluating heterogeneous transesterification of soybean oil was performed using zeolite from coal fly ash as a catalyst, under reaction conditions with different temperatures and reaction times. The catalyst characterization revealed that zeolite type hydro-sodalite was synthesized and consists of mesoporous agglomerates particles with a specific surface area of 7.53 m² g -1 and a basic catalytic character. The conversion rate of soybean oil to its methyl esters was found to increase with an increase in temperature. An ester yield of 92.5% was the highest methyl ester achieved at 65°C and at a 12:1 methanol-to-oil molar ratio. The reaction followed pseudo-first order kinetics with a calculated activation energy (E a ) of 27.23 kJ mol -1 .

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“…The solid base catalyst includes CaO-based oxides [1][2][3][4], zinc oxide-based catalysts [5][6][7][8][9][10], and zeolites and modified zeolites [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Heterogeneous solid acid catalysts have been used as an alternative to basic and enzyme catalysts, since they can be used in both transesterification and esterification reactions [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Acid Catalyst of Sulphated Zinc Oxide for Transesterification of Soybean Oil with Methanol to Biodiesel

Istadi

Anggoro

Buchori

et al. 2015

Procedia Environmental Sciences

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Active solid acid catalysts of sulphated zinc oxide (SO 4 2--ZnO and SO 4 2-/ZnO) were prepared and characterized. The solid acid catalysts were investigated for their performance on transesterification of soybean oil with methanol to produce biodiesel. The SO 4 2--ZnO and SO 4 2-/ZnO catalysts were prepared by coprecipitation and impregnation respectively to compare their performance for biodiesel production. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR), while the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) component in biodiesel product was identified by Gas Chromatography -Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) and FT-IR. The SO 4 2--ZnO catalyst, prepared by coprecipitation, showed better performance for the transesterification process than the SO 4 2-/ZnO catalyst, prepared by wet impregnation. The trend of performance of both catalyst was due to effect of sulfonate incorporation into the zinc oxide structure to form active acid sites. From the catalyst testing on transesterification of soybean oil with methanol at mild conditions (temperature of 65 o C, methanol to oil mole ratio of 6, and 4 wt% of catalyst loading), the SO 4 2--ZnO catalyst exhibited promising FAME yield of 80.19% at 4 h reaction time. Therefore, the SO 4 2--ZnO catalyst showed potential as a catalyst for transesterification of soybean oil to produce biodiesel.

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Natural zeolite from Pacitan Indonesia, as catalyst support for transesterification of palm oil

Cited by 101 publications

References 23 publications

Natural phosphate as an efficient and green catalyst for synthesis of tetraketone and xanthene derivatives

Natural phosphate as an efficient and green catalyst for synthesis of tetraketone and xanthene derivatives

Synthesis of Hydro-Sodalite as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Reaction Kinetics of Soybean Oil Trans-Esterification

Active Acid Catalyst of Sulphated Zinc Oxide for Transesterification of Soybean Oil with Methanol to Biodiesel

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