Naturaleza y ciudad. Perspectivas para la ordenación de la infraestructura verde en los planes territoriales metropolitanos en España

Abstract

<p>La infraestructura verde se está asentando en los últimos años como una herramienta<br />clave para la planificación del espacio libre metropolitano desde una perspectiva estratégica<br />y multifuncional. Ante la gran diversidad de aproximaciones teóricas y aplicadas a este concepto que coexisten en la actualidad, el presente trabajo plantea como objetivos abordar una revisión crítica del mismo y explorar sus posibilidades de implementación a través la planificación territorial a escala metropolitana, para lo cual se realiza un análisis comparado de los planes de Barcelona, Bilbao y Sevilla.</p>

Rural zones, parks, greenbelts, landscapes…? Assessing the shifting role and treatment of open spaces in metropolitan planning using the Barcelona experience (1953–2019)

“…The results show that there is an overall consistency between international developments and what has been planned in Barcelona. However, the last wave of green infrastructure planning (Amati and Taylor 2010; European Environment Agency 2011; Madureira, Andresen, and Monteiro 2011; Cruz, Neves, and Santiago 2017; Sturzaker and Mell 2017; Wandl, Rooij, and Rocco 2017; Macdonald and Lynch 2019; Mell 2019) has still not been evident in the case study area at the metropolitan level, although Feria and Santiago (2017) argue that the 2010MBSP can be interpreted as green infrastructure planning advancement. The concept of multifunctionality, commonly linked with green infrastructure, might be a way to improve the detected schism between forest areas and farmlands within open space planning, as soon as multifunctionality deals with multiple uses, including agriculture and farming, in a given area (Gallent, Andersson, and Bianconi 2006;Gallent and Shaw 2007).…”

“…In any case, in our case study there is a persisting vision of metropolitan open space planning restricted to discrete spatial patches (the Parks). This reality contradicts the international literature, acknowledging that protected spaces cannot be conceived as bounded islands and suggesting connecting structures such as greenways (Forman 1995;Zube 1995;Zimmerer 2000;Maruani and Amit-Cohen 2007;Johnson 2015;Feria and Santiago 2017).…”

“…This paper is based on the analysis of primary sources (documentation of plans), the focus being the role and treatment of open spaces, with the purpose of tracing their evolution. Previous authors analysing open space plans in Spain include Cruz, Neves, and Santiago (2017) and Feria and Santiago (2017), but they missed a consistent methodological approach and were synchronic rather than diachronic. The diachronic analysis here has been carried out following Elinbaum and Galland's (2016) method, that is, determining the context (legal framework, etc.…”

“…One of the seminal plans under this tradition was the regional plan for New York, drafted during the 1920s, covering parts of three different states assumed to be the metropolitan region (Hall 2014;Johnson 2015). These early attempts made use of the notion of a "park" to refer to large areas earmarked for recreation; with the parks being connected by green ribbons such as parkways and trails (Zube 1995;Johnson 2015;Feria and Santiago 2017). Latterly, these parkways have transitioned from narrow linear corridors designed for promoting mobility and interaction with the environment to acquiring landscape attributes, widening their geographical scope (Mell 2019).…”

“…In the 1960s, planning for whole metropolitan areas was described as a "relatively new concept" (Grove 1966, 60), and, by the 1990s, was still something only "recently begun to [be] explore [d]" (Rothblatt 1994, 501). However, recent decades have seen an upsurge of interest in the topic in Europe (Sorribes and Romero 2006;Elinbaum and Galland 2016;Feria and Santiago 2017).…”