Naturalistic Driving Studies and Data Coding and Analysis Techniques

Klauer, Sheila G.; Pérez, Miguel Á.; McClafferty, Julie

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-381984-0.10006-2

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…4, 5, 28, 151 An additional advantage of this approach is that the video of the driver’s face can be occluded for judgments about vehicle kinematics (e.g., lane-keeping); thus if there is some physical feature of the driver (e.g., driver is wearing a bioptic telescope) that relays whether the person is visually impaired, the observer is masked to it. Image processing algorithms can be also used to discern behaviors from the vehicle kinematic variables and video, for example to assess lane-keeping and detect the driver’s gaze direction, 29, 65 However, the development and widespread application of these algorithms is a relatively new field, yet a field that is rapidly growing. Initiatives are also underway to develop computer algorithms to automate the identification of safety critical events and near-crashes from vehicle kinematic variables.…”

Section: Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initiatives are also underway to develop computer algorithms to automate the identification of safety critical events and near-crashes from vehicle kinematic variables. 10, 34, 65, 156 However, the data generated by the vehicle’s instrumentation over many miles of driving will be of limited scientific value unless user-friendly automated analysis procedures can be implemented.…”

Section: Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data streams must be reduced into variables that can be used to test hypotheses about the relationship of vision and driving. As mentioned earlier, there is growing activity in developing computer algorithms to automate data reduction, 10, 29, 34, 65, 156 but the field has far to go in developing data reduction and analysis strategies for the data streams. Furthermore at present there is little, if anything, known about the relationship between variables collected through naturalistic driving by visually impaired drivers and assessments of their on-road driving by backseat evaluators or a CDRS, or the relationship between naturalistic driving variables relationship and the drivers’ own impression of the quality of their driving.…”

Section: Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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A roadmap for interpreting the literature on vision and driving

Owsley

Wood

McGwin

2015

Survey of Ophthalmology

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Over the past several decades there has been a sharp increase in the number of studies focused on the relationship between vision and driving. The intensified scientific attention to this topic has most likely been stimulated by the lack of an evidence-basis for determining vision standards for driving licensure and a poor understanding about how vision impairment impacts driver safety and performance. Clinicians depend on the scientific literature on vision and driving as a resource to appropriately advise visually impaired patients about driving fitness. Policy makers also depend on the scientific literature in order to develop guidelines that are evidence-based and are thus fair to persons who are visually impaired. Thus it is important for clinicians and policy makers alike to understand how various study designs and measurement methods should be appropriately interpreted so that the conclusions and recommendations they make based on this literature are not overly broad, too narrowly constrained, or even misguided. In this overview, based on our 25 years of experience in this field, we offer a methodological framework to guide interpretations of studies on vision and driving, which can also serve as a heuristic for researchers in the area. Here we discuss research designs and general measurement methods for the study of vision as they relate to driver safety, driver performance, and driver-centered (self-reported) outcomes.

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Section: Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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A roadmap for interpreting the literature on vision and driving

Owsley

Wood

McGwin

2015

Survey of Ophthalmology

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“…Naturalistic Driving Study (NDS) is an innovative method to collect large-scale data on driver behavior, driving environment, and vehicle performance (e.g., speed, braking information) by installing unobtrusive cameras and other instruments that can record and store the data under real driving situations (Klauer, Perez, & McClafferty, 2011;Neale et al, 2005). Large-scale NDS provides researchers with two major advantages: (a) accurate details of pre-event information, and (b) exposure information that includes frequency of driver behaviors under normal driving conditions and the context of contributing factors on safety (Campbell, 2012).…”

Section: Shrp2 Naturalistic Driving Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of sleep disorders on driving safety—findings from the Second Strategic Highway Research Program naturalistic driving study

Liu

Pérez

Lau

2018

Sleep

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This study is the first examination on the association between seven types of sleep disorder and driving risk using large-scale naturalistic driving study data involving more than 3,400 participants. Regression analyses revealed that females with restless leg syndrome or sleep apnea and drivers with insomnia, shift work sleep disorder, or periodic limb movement disorder are associated with significantly higher driving risk than other drivers without those conditons.Furthermore, despite a small number of observations, there is a strong indication of increased risk for narcoleptic drivers. The findings confirmed results from simulator and epidemiological studies that the driving risk increases amongst people with certain types of sleep disorders.However, this study did not yield evidence in naturalistic driving settings to confirm significantly increased driving risk associated with migraine in prior research. The inconsistency may be an indication that the significant decline in cognitive performance among drivers with sleep disorders observed in laboratory settings may not nessarily translate to an increase in actual driving risk. Further research is necessary to define how to incentivize drivers with specific sleep disorders to balance road safety and personal mobility.The Impact of Sleep Disorders on Driving Safety -Findings from the SHRP2 Naturalistic Driving Study Shuyuan Liu GENERAL AUDIENCE ABSTRACTThis study is the first examination on the association between seven types of sleep disorder and driving risk using large-scale naturalistic driving study data involving more than 3,400 participants. The study identified seven sleep disorders -narcolepsy, sleep apnea, insomnia, shift work sleep disorder, restless legs syndrome, periodic limb movement disorder, and migraine among the participants and revealed that that females with restless leg syndrome or sleep apnea and drivers with insomnia, shift work sleep disorder, or periodic limb movement disorder are associated with significantly higher driving risk than other drivers without those conditons. DEDICATIONTo my parents, thank you for your unconditional love and support.

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“…We will identify one or more intersections where a large number of participants have traversed along the same pathway at least three times; there are several candidate intersections since all participants drive to and from the Clinical Research Unit and the study garage. VTTI has developed protocols for determining glance behaviors across various locations inside as well as outside the vehicle [ 60 ]. Trained data-reductionists review the relevant epoch of video on a frame-by-frame basis to determine the glance location for each frame of video.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Alabama VIP older driver study rationale and design: examining the relationship between vision impairment and driving using naturalistic driving techniques

et al. 2018

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BackgroundOlder drivers aged ≥70 years old have among the highest rates of motor vehicle collisions (MVC) compared to other age groups. Driving is a highly visual task, and older adults have a high prevalence of vision impairment compared to other ages. Most studies addressing visual risk factors for MVCs by older drivers utilize vehicle accident reports as the primary outcome, an approach with several methodological limitations. Naturalistic driving research methods overcome these challenges and involve installing a high-tech, unobtrusive data acquisition system (DAS) in an older driver’s own vehicle. The DAS continuously records multi-channel video of driver and roadway, sensor-based kinematics, GPS location, and presence of nearby objects in front of the vehicle, providing an objective measure of driving exposure. In this naturalistic driving study, the purpose is to examine the relationship between vision and crashes and near-crashes, lane-keeping, turning at intersections, driving performance during secondary tasks demands, and the role of front-seat passengers. An additional aim is to compare results of the on-road driving evaluation by a certified driving rehabilitation specialist to objective indicators of driving performance derived from the naturalistic data.MethodsDrivers ≥70 years old are recruited from ophthalmology clinics and a previous population-based study of older drivers, with the goal of recruiting persons with wide ranging visual function. Target samples size is 195 drivers. At a baseline visit, the DAS is installed in the participant’s vehicle and a battery of health and functional assessments are administered to the driver including visual-sensory and visual-cognitive tests. The DAS remains installed in the vehicle for six months while the participant goes about his/her normal driving with no imposed study restrictions. After six months, the driver returns for DAS de-installation, repeat vision testing, and an on-road driving evaluation by a certified driving rehabilitation specialist (CDRS). The data streams recorded by the DAS are uploaded to the data coordinating center for analysis.DiscussionThe Alabama VIP Older Driver Study is the first naturalistic older driver study specifically focused on the enrollment of drivers with vision impairment in order to study the relationship between visual dysfunction and driver safety and performance.

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Naturalistic Driving Studies and Data Coding and Analysis Techniques

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

A roadmap for interpreting the literature on vision and driving

A roadmap for interpreting the literature on vision and driving

The impact of sleep disorders on driving safety—findings from the Second Strategic Highway Research Program naturalistic driving study

The Alabama VIP older driver study rationale and design: examining the relationship between vision impairment and driving using naturalistic driving techniques

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