Naturally occurring Anaplasma marginale infection in cattle: Molecular prevalence and associated risk factors, haemato-biochemical alterations, oxidant/antioxidant status and serum trace mineral levels

Das, Dhruba; Sarma, Kalyan; Eregowda, Chethan Gollahalli; Roychoudhary, Parimal; Rajesh, J. B.; Behera, Parthasarathi; Prasad, Hridayesh; Lalrinkima, H.; Aktar, Fatema; Bora, Nikitasha; Deka, Champak; Thakur, Neeraj; Tolenkhomba, T. C.

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105575

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…infection could depend the disease severity (Roland et al, 2014). Similar findings of hypochromic macrocytic anemia have been reported in A. marginale-infected cattle (Das et al, 2022). In addition to this, normocytic forms of anemia have been reported in acute anaplasmosis, whereas chronic cases with macrocytic progresses in Anaplasma spp.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysis Of the Two Partial 16s Rrna Genesupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Nowadays, cattle are affected by various pathogens worldwide. Haemoprotozoan and rickettsial diseases are considered major threats to livestock health and productive performance in both tropical and subtropical regions (Das et al, 2022). Anaplasmosis is commonly known as "gall sickness," which is caused by an obligate intraerythrocytic rickettsia microorganism (order Rickettsiales, family Anaplasmataceae).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First Molecular Evidence of Anaplasma marginale Infection in Naturally Infected Cattle in Myanmar with Severe Hemolytic Anemia

Soe,

Naing,

Mon

et al. 2024

AAVS

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Vector-borne pathogens have become a major problem since different species of cattle, e.g. indigenous, crossbred dairy, and crossbred beef, are raised together on most farms. Anaplasma spp. are obligate intracellular rickettsial vector-borne pathogens that impact on livestock farmers with major economic constraints and eventually threaten human health in cases of zoonotic species involvement. Therefore, our study aimed to identify Anaplasma spp. infection in a bovine host using both microscopy and molecular techniques. A total of 59 samples were collected from Mingaladon township, Yangon region, and the presence of infection was assessed using a Giemsa-stained thin blood smear and PCR of 16S rRNA gene amplification. Both microscopic and PCR-positive samples were further analyzed for hematobiochemical alteration. As a results, Anaplasma spp. was detected in 3.38% (2/59) of sampled animals. Hematology results revealed severe anemia with a low hemoglobin level together with a low PCV and total platelet count whereas the MCV and total WBC count were shown to be higher. Elevation of some enzymes such as ALT, AST, GGT, total bilirubin, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) occurred by blood biochemical analysis, whereas total protein and albumin were low. To our best, this study is the first molecular evidence for the presence of Anaplasma marginale infection in cattle in Myanmar, with a sequence similarity range between 98.8 and 100%. By understanding one of the major tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) in Myanmar, possible control measures might be implemented not only to minimize the transmission but also to increase the farm productivity.

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Section: Phylogenetic Analysis Of the Two Partial 16s Rrna Genesupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Molecular Evidence of Anaplasma marginale Infection in Naturally Infected Cattle in Myanmar with Severe Hemolytic Anemia

Soe,

Naing,

Mon

et al. 2024

AAVS

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“…When evaluating factors related to the occurrence of A. marginale and other hemoparasites in 401 cattle in India, Das et al (2022) observed 63 animals positive for A. marginale by PCR. The highest prevalence of the agent was in animals aged 3 to 5 years, and the lowest prevalence was observed in animals under 1 year of age.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina and Trypanosoma vivax in the brain and spleen of dairy cows of Rio Grande do Sul

Rigo,

Martins,

Islabão

et al. 2023

Sem. Ci. Agr.

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Cattle tick fever and bovine trypanosomosis are diseases that negatively impact cattle production in Brazil, causing considerably productive losses and animals death. In this study, the objective was to investigate the presence of the four hemoparasites that mostly affect dairy herds (A. marginale, B. bovis, B. bigemina and T. vivax) using the qPCR technique in discarded dairy cows in the northwestern region of Rio Grande do Sul. For this purpose, brain and spleen tissue biopsies were collected at a local slaughterhouse from 64 dairy cattle from this region. DNA extraction from the samples was performed using the Brazol® reagent, their quantity and purity were obtained through spectrophotometer analysis with NanoDropTM. In the brain samples, DNA detection was performed for T. vivax and B. bovis, and in the spleen, DNA of the four agents was verified. From a total of 64 brain samples analyzed, 14.06 % were positive for Babesia bovis. For spleen samples, Babesia bovis was detected in 17.19 % of the samples, while 29.69 % tested positive for B. bigemina and 37.50 % for Anaplasma marginale. Regarding Trypanosoma vivax, none of the analyzed samples resulted in a positive diagnosis in both tissues. Thus, the findings highlighted that B. bovis, B. bigemina and A. marginale are present in the dairy cattle herd of the northwestern regions of Rio Grande do Sul, with a higher percentage of A. marginale; on the other hand, T. vivax was not diagnosed in the present study.

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“…In addition, this study notices that good management practices on the farm have been observed to be the key factor in the infection rate. In other counties, the prevalence of anaplasmosis in cattle varies from 8.7% in Mongolia [ 19 ], 9% and 17% in Punjab (Pakistan) [ 20 ], 11.1% in Pakistan [ 21 ], 15.7% in India [ 22 ], 38.53% in Ohio [ 23 ], 49.1 % in Nigeria [ 24 ], and 68.3% in Egypt [ 25 ]. The prevalence of bovine anaplasmosis in this study is reliable in range with previous epidemiological studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular prevalence of Anaplasma spp. in cattle and assessment of associated risk factors in Northeast Thailand

Seerintra,

Saraphol,

Thanchomnang

et al. 2023

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Anaplasma spp. are common rickettsia species described in ruminant hosts, including cattle. The clinical signs of anaplasmosis range from asymptomatic to mortality. However, there are insufficient studies on epidemiology surveys of this blood pathogen. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of anaplasmosis in beef and dairy cattle in Northeast, Thailand. Materials and Methods: A total of 187 blood samples of beef and dairy cattle were collected from five provinces in Northeast Thailand. Anaplasma spp. infections were screened by microscopic examination and polymerase chain reaction targeting specific genes (msp4 gene for Anaplasma marginale and 16S rRNA gene for Anaplasma platys and Anaplasma bovis). Moreover, the associated risk factors for the infections were evaluated. Results: Overall, blood samples from cattle revealed that 17.6% (33/187) were positive for Anaplasma spp. by microscopic examination and 20.8% (39/187) were positive by DNA amplification. Of these 20.8%, 17.6% were A. marginale and 3.2% were A. platys. However, A. bovis infection was not detected. Infection with Anaplasma spp. and A. marginale showed a significant association with breed and gender (p < 0.05) while age and packed cell volume levels showed no significant statistical relationship between Anaplasma spp. infected and uninfected animals. Conclusion: This study indicated that anaplasmosis is distributed in beef and dairy cattle in Thailand; therefore, prevention and control strategies for these pathogens should be improved. This information will benefit veterinarians and cowherds by avoiding vector exposure and eliminating tick breeding sites. Keywords: anaplasmosis, beef cattle, blood parasite, dairy cattle, molecular detection.

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Naturally occurring Anaplasma marginale infection in cattle: Molecular prevalence and associated risk factors, haemato-biochemical alterations, oxidant/antioxidant status and serum trace mineral levels

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

First Molecular Evidence of Anaplasma marginale Infection in Naturally Infected Cattle in Myanmar with Severe Hemolytic Anemia

First Molecular Evidence of Anaplasma marginale Infection in Naturally Infected Cattle in Myanmar with Severe Hemolytic Anemia

Investigation of Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina and Trypanosoma vivax in the brain and spleen of dairy cows of Rio Grande do Sul

Molecular prevalence of Anaplasma spp. in cattle and assessment of associated risk factors in Northeast Thailand

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