Nature and distribution of manganese nodules from three sediment domains of the Central Indian Basin, Indian Ocean

Banerjee, R.; Mukhopadhyay, Ranadhir

doi:10.1007/bf02431053

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Out of the eleven piston cores, seven contained manganese micronodules, although there does not appear to be any pattern in the distribution of these cores over the surveyed area. The presence of micronodules is consistent with the findings of Bannerjee and Mukhopadhyay (1991) who observed that small (<4cm diameter) manganese nodules are most common north of 9°S, which would include this study area.…”

Section: Sediment Cores and Their Relationship To Echo Charactersupporting

confidence: 92%

Channels, echo character mapping and tectonics from 3.5 kHz profiles, distal Bengal Fan

et al. 1993

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The distal parts of the Bengal Fan are spectacularly affected by tectonic deformation related to the diffuse plate boundary between the Indian and Australian plates. Here we use 3.5kHz and 12kHz echosounder profiles, seismic reflection profiles and piston core results to examine sedimentary processes and their relationships to tectonism within an area (78°-82°E, 0°-6°S) just to the south of Ocean Drilling Program Leg 116 sites.Echo character mapping was completed using echosounder data in conjunction with results from piston coring, and a total of five different echo types have been recognised. Four of these fall into the echo character classification scheme developed by Damuth (1980a), whilst the fifth is believed to represent hemiturbidite deposits. Several types of submarine channel were also identified from echosounder data and a correlation between echo type and channel location can be seen. Their abundance, erosional and/or depositional nature together with a complex meandering and bifurcation pattern across a wide region of average gradient around 1°/km, are all features characteristic of a broad channel termination zone on a large elongate fan. It is clear, 2 therefore that the Bengal Fan extends beyond 6°S.Active faulting in the area has led to the development of an irregular topography of low rounded hillocks that interfere with incoming turbidity currents. This has resulted in ponding between highs rather than lobe construction, thinning and pinching out of turbidites against the flanks of local relief, flow lofting and hemiturbidite drape, and common small-scale slumping.In some cases uplifted channel segments can be seen abandoned and partially filled.

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Section: Sediment Cores and Their Relationship To Echo Charactersupporting

confidence: 92%

Channels, echo character mapping and tectonics from 3.5 kHz profiles, distal Bengal Fan

et al. 1993

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“…During their accretion from seawater, they concentrate various trace elements within the Fe–Mn oxide layers (Reyss et al, ). Even though several studies have described the geochemical and mineralogical characters of ferromanganese deposits from the Indian Ocean (Banerjee, ; Banerjee, ; Banerjee & Iyer, ; Banerjee, Iyer, & Dutta, ; Banerjee & Miura, , ; Banerjee & Mukhopadhyay, ; Banerjee & Mukhopadhyay, ; Banerjee, Roy, Dasgupta, Mukhopadhyay, & Miura, ; Bau & Koschinsky, ; Jauhari & Pattan, ; Pattan et al, ; Roy, Dasgupta, Mukhopadhyay, & Fukuoka, ; Tooms, Summerhayes, & Cronan, ; Vineesh, Nath, Banerjee, Jaisankar, & Lekshmi, ), the isotopic data on these deposits are still scanty. O'Nions, Frank, von Blanckenburg, and Ling () described the secular variation of Nd and Pb isotopes in ferromanganese crusts from the Central Indian Basin and compared them with those from the Atlantic and Pacific.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical, mineralogical, and Sr–Nd isotopic compositions of ferromanganese encrustations from Central Indian Ridge at 06°38.5′S

et al. 2017

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Mineralogical, geochemical, and isotopic (Sr and Nd) studies of 14 ferromanganese encrustations on basaltic substrates from Central Indian Ridge at 06°38.5′S indicate that except for two (NC3 and NC4), the samples are hydrogenous type. NC3 and NC4 have slightly higher growth rates, lower bulk trace metal contents, and low ∑REE. They have a lower content of high field strength (e.g., Hf, Ta, Zr, and Nb), incompatible (e.g., Pb, Th, and U), and lithophilic elements (e.g., Sr and Ba) than others. In addition, NC3 has a lower 87Sr/86Sr ratio (0.708825) than the remaining samples (range 0.709169–0.709253) but higher 143Nd/144Nd ratio (0.512296) than others (range 0.512258–0.512279). Both NC3 and NC4 have a higher radiogenic component indicated by their low εNd value (−6.67) than the remaining samples (range −7.00 to −7.41). These evidences together indicate a possible contribution of trace metals by a local mixed source of hydrothermal and hydrogenous origin during their growth history.

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Aquatic sediments

Garton¹,

Autenrieth²,

Bonner³

et al. 1992

Water Environment Research

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Nature and distribution of manganese nodules from three sediment domains of the Central Indian Basin, Indian Ocean

Cited by 14 publications

References 15 publications

Channels, echo character mapping and tectonics from 3.5 kHz profiles, distal Bengal Fan

Channels, echo character mapping and tectonics from 3.5 kHz profiles, distal Bengal Fan

Geochemical, mineralogical, and Sr–Nd isotopic compositions of ferromanganese encrustations from Central Indian Ridge at 06°38.5′S

Aquatic sediments

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