Nature and process of leisure constraints: An empirical test

Raymore, Leslie A.; Godbey, Geoffrey; Crawford, Duane W.; Eye, Alexander von

doi:10.1080/01490409309513191

Cited by 160 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…(3) Scale on Barrier Factors: this scale was modified from the questionnaires developed by Townsend (1981), Crawford, Jackson andGodbey (1991), Dishman, (1991), and Raymore, Godbey, Crawford, and VonEye (1993), "scale on leisure barrier" comprehensively applied in Taiwan, and the questionnaire developed by Vallerand and Rousseau (2001). This scale included 4 dimensions, social support, self-stress, perception factors, personal performance, and administrative support.…”

Section: Research Methods and Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Physical Education Model for 7-12th Graders

Yang¹,

Huang

Lin

2017

IBR

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During physical, social support also affects the change in students' attitude towards sports. Therefore, in order to propose suggestions for improving physical education, this study enrolled students participating in sports team in Taiwan as the research subjects and performed investigations them to develop the participation model for students in sports teams and provide constructive strategies according to it, in order to effectively improve students' sports participation. According to the research conclusions, the goodness of fit of the overall measurement model is good, the convergent validity and discriminant validity are acceptable, and most of the relevant indices all meet the criteria. This study used path analysis to analyze the path coefficients among various variables, and discovered that all of the paths were significant. The potential variable that has the most significant influence on participation motivation is social support, namely, the influence of social support on participation motivation is more significant.

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Section: Research Methods and Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Physical Education Model for 7-12th Graders

Yang¹,

Huang

Lin

2017

IBR

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“…Crawford, Jackson, and Godbey's (1991) hierarchical model of leisure constraints fits well with a post-hoc satisfaction approach because the model states that people must negotiate through a hierarchical series of constraints before they can partake in leisure. Crawford et al's study (1991) grouped the three categories of constraints into one integrated model, while later studies (e.g., Jackson, Crawford, & Godbey, 1993;Raymore, Godbey, Crawford, & von Eye, 1993) extended the hierarchical model of leisure constraints to include the concept of motivation. Hubbard and Mannell's (2001) constraints-effects-mitigation model also fits Mannell and Iso-Ahola's classification of a post-hoc satisfaction approach to leisure participation.…”

Section: Motivation and Participationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits derived from recreation and sport leisure that motivate participation

Anaza¹

2017

AFRREV IJAH: Int J. Art and Humanities

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Using the constraints-effects mitigation model, this study explored the benefits of recreation and sport leisure activities that motivate women's participation. While there are numerous studies that have investigated factors that motivate women's leisure participation and leisure constraints in Europe and the United States, there are less empirical studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa. A lack of comparable studies limits our understanding of leisure participation in Africa, but more importantly mandates further investigations within an African context. Applying a phenomenological qualitative approach, nineteen women were studied. The findings showed that Nigerian women are motivated to participate in recreation and sport leisure activities by healthrelated and social interaction benefits.

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“…However, constraints are no longer viewed as insurmountable obstacles and ways to negotiate constraints has become a focus of the leisure constraint research (Jackson et al, 1993;Raymore et al, 1993;Samdahl and Jekubovich, 1997). More recent studies have tried to identify domains of constraints and categorize items into these domains.…”

Section: Leisure Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tourism constraints for Spanish tourists with disabilities: Scale development and validation

Gassiot

Prats

Coromina

2018

dag

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In Spain, more than 2.5 million people live with some form of disability (Imserso, 2014). Tourism constraints are defined as factors influencing travel participation and behaviour, and can be divided into three categories: intrapersonal, interpersonal, and structural. The aim of this exploratory study is to develop and validate a measurement scale for each of these types of tourism constraints faced by 248 Spanish tourists with disabilities. The results show that intrapersonal constraints are due to three factors: lack of knowledge, health-related problems, and physical and psychological dependency. Interpersonal constraints are divided into two factors: skill-challenge incongruities and communication. Structural constraints are classified into four factors: information and communication, cost and attendant, socio-spatial, and attitudinal. Taking into consideration the importance of this market segment both in Spain and all over the world, this study provides tourism destinations with a quantitative tool for evaluating the barriers tourists with special access needs may encounter at a destination. Keywords: accessible tourism; tourism for all; disability; barriers Resumen. Barreras turísticas para turistas españoles con discapacidad: desarrollo y validación de una escalaEn España, más de 2,5 millones de personas viven con algún tipo de discapacidad (Imserso, 2014). Las barreras turísticas se pueden definir como factores que influencian la participación y el comportamiento de los turistas y se dividen en tres categorías: intrapersonales, interpersonales y estructurales. El objetivo de este estudio exploratorio es desarrollar y validar una escala para medir los tipos de barreras que 248 turistas españoles con algún tipo de discapacidad deben afrontar cuando viajan. Los resultados muestran que de las barreras intrapersonales derivan tres factores distintos: falta de conocimiento, problemas de salud y dependencia física y psicológica. Las barreras interpersonales se dividen en dos factores: incongruencias entre habilidad y reto, y comunicación. Las barreras estructurales se clasifican en cuatro factores: información y comunicación, coste y cuidador, socio-espaciales, y de actitud. Teniendo en cuenta la importancia de este segmento de mercado en España y el resto del mundo, el artículo aporta una herramienta cuantitativa para que los destinos turísticos puedan evaluar las barreras turísticas que estos turistas con necesidades especiales de accesibilidad pueden encontrar cuando los visitan. Palabras clave: turismo accesible; turismo para todos; discapacidad; barreras Résumé. Barrières touristiques pour touristes handicapés espagnols : développement et validation d'une échelleEn Espagne, plus de 2,5 millions de personnes vivent avec un handicap (Imserso, 2014

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Nature and process of leisure constraints: An empirical test

Cited by 160 publications

References 15 publications

Development of Physical Education Model for 7-12th Graders

Development of Physical Education Model for 7-12th Graders

Benefits derived from recreation and sport leisure that motivate participation

Tourism constraints for Spanish tourists with disabilities: Scale development and validation

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