“…Likewise, the concept of paying for ecosystem services is becoming more prevalent in watershed management to ensure sustainable water sources available to communities and the ecosystem (Aryal et al 2019). Forests and people have been coexisting together and helping to shape our environment (Miah, Mohiuddin and Chakrabarty 2022). Ecosystem services planning would require a major shift toward new geographies and a broadening of conservation goals (Chan et al 2006).…”