Navigating culture: navigational instruments as cultural artefacts,<i>c</i>. 1550–1650

Blakemore, Richard J.

doi:10.1080/21533369.2012.672801

Journal for Maritime Research

2012

DOI: 10.1080/21533369.2012.672801

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Navigating culture: navigational instruments as cultural artefacts,c. 1550–1650

Richard J. Blakemore

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Cited by 3 publications

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“…8; Scammell, ‘Manning’, pp. 144–8; Croft, ‘English mariners’; Scammell, ‘Merchant service master’; Blakemore, ‘Navigating culture’.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pieces of eight, pieces of eight: seamen's earnings and the venture economy of early modern seafaring†

Blakemore

2017

The Economic History Review

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Historians have generally argued that between the medieval period and the eighteenth century seafarers transformed from collaborative adventurers with a share in their vessel to the first international wage‐earning proletariat. This interpretation has drawn upon relatively limited statistical analysis of mariners’ wages, and underestimates the variety of seafarers’ remuneration and economic activities besides wages themselves. This article undertakes a more sustained analysis of seventeenth‐century wage data drawn from the papers of the English High Court of Admiralty, and uses the same evidence to examine other forms of income, both customary payments as part of shipping, and small‐scale trade. Seafarers of all ranks carried their own commodities on all shipping routes, offering an opportunity to increase their income considerably. This evidence confirms that the maritime labour market was hierarchical, and that very often seafarers were poor labourers facing economic insecurity of many kinds. However, it refines the previous interpretation by emphasizing the presence of skilled workers even among the lower levels of this labour market, and by introducing a new dimension to mariners’ economic agency: they were not simply wage‐workers, but also independent participants in a venture economy.

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“…8; Scammell, ‘Manning’, pp. 144–8; Croft, ‘English mariners’; Scammell, ‘Merchant service master’; Blakemore, ‘Navigating culture’.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pieces of eight, pieces of eight: seamen's earnings and the venture economy of early modern seafaring†

Blakemore

2017

The Economic History Review

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The rise of state navies in the early seventeenth century: a historiographical study

Janžekovič

2020

Journal for Maritime Research

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This article addresses a relative vacuum of the historiography of early-seventeenth-century navies. The central question is how European states established and sustained their navies. The article presents the main historiographical issues, especially the concepts of the 'military revolution afloat' and the 'fiscal-naval state', and demonstrates the technological, administrative and social concerns of early modern navies. It also exposes the main contemporaneous threats and alternatives to early modern state navies. It presents the changes that states made to navies and vice versa just before the so-called military revolution afloat in the mid-seventeenth century. This contested concept is put into context and exposed as a historical construct. The author, along with some other scholars, argues that it was far from a revolution, but more of a gradual evolution. The process of state-building in relation to state navies therefore needs to be reassessed: the navy was one of the tools of state-building, not just a tool of the already built and consolidated state.

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Instruments and artisanal practices in long distance oceanic voyages

Leitão

2018

Centaurus

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Scientific instruments are not neutral artefacts; the perception of their value is greatly determined not only by the objects themselves and the function they perform, but also by the context of their use. In the 16th and 17th centuries, scientific instruments – not only nautical ones – acquired a prominent place in European societies that greatly transcended the specific narrow professional circles that used them. This has already been noted as being an important feature in the development of science in early modern Europe. But exactly how did this happen? Following other recent studies, I argue in this paper that in order to understand this phenomenon one has to look carefully at artisanal practices of the period.

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Navigating culture: navigational instruments as cultural artefacts,c. 1550–1650

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Pieces of eight, pieces of eight: seamen's earnings and the venture economy of early modern seafaring†

Pieces of eight, pieces of eight: seamen's earnings and the venture economy of early modern seafaring†

The rise of state navies in the early seventeenth century: a historiographical study

Instruments and artisanal practices in long distance oceanic voyages

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