Navigating the contradictions of the shadow state: the Assembly of First Nations, state funding, and scales of Indigenous resistance

Tomiak, Julie

doi:10.1080/07078552.2016.1249130

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In 2014, for instance, the federal government provided $4,731,628 for a program designed to support women's participation in Canadian society (Canada ). Similarly, the core funding for National Aboriginal Organizations programs had grown to $18,703,611 in 2013 from $5,178,700 in 1994 (Ministry of Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development ; Tomiak ). British Columbia has never implemented a program for funding representative organizations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How the State Shaped the Nonprofit Sector: Public Funding in British Columbia

Clément

2019

Canadian Review of Sociology

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This article examines how the state has used its spending power to shape the nonprofit sector in British Columbia since the 1960s. The province's thriving nonprofit sector and its polarized political culture provide an ideal case study for exploring the relationship between the state and nongovernmental organizations. The following study documents changes in state policy, the trajectory of funding, funding patterns, and organizations that have received state funding. Although public funding for nonprofits in Canada has been pervasive for decades, there is little empirical evidence on the nature and scope of this funding. This article is based on an innovative new database that provides a comprehensive list of grants from the provincial government to nonprofit organizations between 1960 and 2014. Despite concerns regarding cuts to public funding in recent years, this study finds that there has been an overall increase in funding. However, there has also been a significant shift in funding from women's issues to Aboriginal peoples since the early 2000s.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How the State Shaped the Nonprofit Sector: Public Funding in British Columbia

Clément

2019

Canadian Review of Sociology

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“…Settler colonialism is stable in part because it structures and moves through society invisibly (Coulthard 2014), normalizing certain asymmetrical relationships while undermining governance systems that do not align with state culture (e.g. Tomiak 2016;Willmott 2020). This discussion provides a footing on which to then outline the key argument of this paper: that Canadian charity law is complicit in the colonial project.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In describing post-war shifts in US civil society, for example, Jennifer Wolch argued in 1989 that, with the emergence of the civil society (or voluntary sector) came a shadow state, "that is, a para-state apparatus with collective service responsibilities previously shouldered by the public sector, administered outside traditional democratic politics, but yet controlled in both formal and informal ways by the state" (Wolch 1989, 201). Scholars have noted the emergence of the shadow state in Canada as well (Ilcan and Basok 2004;Tomiak 2016). A pan of the literature reveals that the shadow state is linked to an array of neoliberal governing techniques.…”

Section: Literature and Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Groups such as the Assembly of First Nations, the Union of Ontario Indians, and even individual Indian bands engage in their relationships with Canada not as inherent governance bodies 4 but as civil society organizations that draw their legal status from federal or provincial legislation. While this does not necessarily preclude their resistance to the state or to colonialism (Tomiak 2016), being made intelligible in this way (i.e. through state-regulated recognition; Coulthard 2014, chapter 1) suggests that Indigenous political action can be legitimate only insofar as it is part of the shadow state.…”

Section: Literature and Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Remaining Unreconciled: Philanthropy and Indigenous Governance in Canada

Lee

2023

aps

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While the Income Tax Act provides structure to philanthropic activity in Canada, an Indigenist reading of it shows that it is also a part of state-building at the expense of inherent Indigenous governance systems. By shaping philanthropic gift giving, this paper shows, the act plays a role in precluding inherent Indigenous leaders from accessing fiscal support based on their own political authority.

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“…The central finding in this study is that municipalities in British Columbia are an indispensable component of the public funding ecosystem for Community Service Organizations (CSOs). There has been a substantial increase in municipal funding in recent years (Eliadis 2015;Tomiak 2016;White 2012). Sectors such as arts and culture, in particular, receive generous funding from municipalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local government funding for the nonprofit sector in British Columbia

Clément¹

2022

Can Public Adm

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This article is the first study to use grants data to document trends in municipal funding for the nonprofit sector in Canada. It demonstrates, among other things, how municipal funding for the nonprofit sector has increased dramatically in recent years; how funding practices favour certain sectors and organizations; and how local governments fail to provide sustaining funding for community service organizations. This study is based on an innovative new dataset that includes grants from 21 municipalities across British Columbia. It ends with a discussion on the essential role of municipalities in the public funding ecosystem for the nonprofit sector.Sommaire : Cet article constitue la première étude utilisant des données sur les subventions afin de documenter les tendances du financement municipal relatif au secteur à but non lucratif au Canada. Il explique, entre autres, comment le financement municipal pour le secteur à but non lucratif a augmenté de façon spectaculaire au cours des dernières années; comment les pratiques de subventions privilégient certains secteurs et organisations; et comment les gouvernements locaux faillissent à assurer un financement durable aux organismes de services communautaires. Cette étude est fondée sur un nouvel ensemble de données innovant qui comprend des subventions de 21 municipalités de la Colombie-Britannique. Nous terminons par une discussion sur le rôle primordial des municipalités dans l'écosystème du financement public du secteur à but non lucratif.

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Navigating the contradictions of the shadow state: the Assembly of First Nations, state funding, and scales of Indigenous resistance

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

How the State Shaped the Nonprofit Sector: Public Funding in British Columbia

How the State Shaped the Nonprofit Sector: Public Funding in British Columbia

Remaining Unreconciled: Philanthropy and Indigenous Governance in Canada

Local government funding for the nonprofit sector in British Columbia

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