“…More importantly, the adsorption sites at the surfaces of nanomaterials can be easily functionalized by creating different functional groups for the targeted removal of radionuclides [48,49]. From recent literature, most of the inorganic nanomaterials used to improve polymeric membranes have been metals and metal oxides, for example, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, silica dioxide, alumina, iron, and zirconia, with some exceptions in some other materials such as NaAzeolite, NaY-zeolite, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, hydrated manganese dioxide, multi-wall carbon nanotube, carbon nanotubes, and graphene oxide [13,64,65,66,67,68,69]. The use of nanoparticles in the manufacturing process of polymeric membranes has received much attention during the last decades, particularly as a new step in flux enhancement and fouling reduction.…”