NDC pledges of South Asia: are the stakeholders onboard?

Haque, A. K. Enamul; Lohano, Heman D.; Mukhopadhyay, Pranab; Nepal, Mani; Shafeeqa, Fathimath; Vidanage, Shamen P.

doi:10.1007/s10584-019-02417-6

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Even though the production and distribution of plastic bags is banned in Bangladesh and parts of India, this interdiction is poorly implemented and commonly violated in some places (Hossain, 2002; Gupta, 2011). A recent study found that South Asian stakeholders prefer conversion of waste to energy as a way of managing solid waste properly (Haque et al ., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What makes a ban on plastic bags effective? The case of Nepal

2019

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The extensive use of plastic bags in Nepal has led to growing concern in recent years. We investigate the impact of a municipal plastic bags ban on bags use behavior, based on a field survey carried out among consumers and retailers across selected municipalities. Our results indicate that the effectiveness of the ban critically depends on its enforcement and sanctioning system. In particular, our results suggest that the perceived sanction is a critical determinant of plastic bags use, as a doubling of the perceived sanction could reduce plastic bags use by two-thirds for retailers and by one-half for consumers. While the nominal amount of the fine does not seem to play a role, the probability of being detected appears to play a key role in the perceived sanction. This implies that effective monitoring of the ban by the municipal authorities is critical for the success of the policy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What makes a ban on plastic bags effective? The case of Nepal

2019

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“…There has been a growing interest in converting waste to energy, a popular idea in South Asia [31]. Another way to reduce the use of plastics bags is to impose a ban and enforce the ban with significant fines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable financing for municipal solid waste management in Nepal

Bharadwaj

Kumar²,

Nepal

2020

PLoS ONE

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Financing municipal solid waste (MSW) services is one of the key challenges faced by cities in developing countries. This study used plastic waste, a constituent of MSW, to explore the possibility of generating revenue for financing MSW management in the municipalities of Nepal. The results of this study suggest that plastic material recovery could generate revenue, which is equivalent to 1.38 times of the plastic-waste-related management cost when collection efficiency reaches 66.7%. An increase in 1% of recovery rate and collection efficiency could cover an additional 4.64% and 2.06% of the costs of managing plastic waste, respectively. In addition, an increase in tax on imported plastic materials could also motivate recovery of plastic waste for recycle and reuse. An additional 1% tax on plastic imports would be sufficient to cover plastic-related waste management when plastic waste recovery and collection efficiency rates are low. This plastic recovery-revenue exercise could be expanded to other materials such as paper and metal to fully understand the possibility of sustainable financing of MSW management and reducing environmental harm in developing countries like Nepal.

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“…The lifespan of the landfill site could be prolonged if waste collection and transfer are carried out separately for degradable and non-degradable waste and degradable waste is either composted or converted to energy [58]. There has been increased interest among South Asian policy makers and stakeholders on converting waste to energy [59]. Further study is needed in order investigate the incentives that would motivate waste collection service providers to collect and transfer degradable and non-degradable waste separately.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Municipal Solid Waste Collection Services in Developing Countries: A Case of Bharatpur Metropolitan City, Nepal

Kumar

Nepal

Khadayat³

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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Municipal solid waste management is one of the major challenges that cities in developing countries are facing. Although waste collection services are critical to build a smart city, the focus of both scholarship and action/activism has been more on the utilization of waste than on collection. We devised a choice experiment to elicit the preferences of municipal residents with regard to the various attributes of solid waste collection services in the Bharatpur Metropolitan City of Nepal. The study showed that households identify waste collection frequency, timing of door-to-door waste collection services, and cleanliness of the streets as the critical elements of municipal waste collection that affect their welfare and willingness to pay. While almost all households (95%) were participating in the waste collection service in the study area, more than half (53%) expressed dissatisfaction with the existing service. Women were the main actors engaged in waste collection and disposal at household level. The results of the choice analysis suggest that households prefer a designated waste collection time with waste collection bins placed at regular intervals on the streets for use by pedestrians who often throw garbage on the streets in the absence of bins. For these improvements, households were willing to pay an additional service fee of 10–28% on top of what they were already paying. The study also finds that municipal waste collection can be improved through the involvement of Tole Lane Committees in designing the timing and frequency of the service and by introducing a system of progressive tariffs based on the number of storeys per house.

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NDC pledges of South Asia: are the stakeholders onboard?

Cited by 19 publications

References 7 publications

What makes a ban on plastic bags effective? The case of Nepal

What makes a ban on plastic bags effective? The case of Nepal

Sustainable financing for municipal solid waste management in Nepal

Improving Municipal Solid Waste Collection Services in Developing Countries: A Case of Bharatpur Metropolitan City, Nepal

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