Near-Field Measurement of Six Degrees of Freedom Mining-Induced Tremors in Lower Silesian Copper Basin

Abstract

The impact of seismicity on structures is one of the key problems of civil engineering. According to recent knowledge, the reliable analysis should be based on both rotational and translational components of the seismic wave. To determine the six degrees of freedom (6-DoF) characteristic of mining-induced seismicity, two sets of seismic posts were installed in the Lower Silesian Copper Basin, Poland. Long-term continuous 6-DoF measurements were conducted with the use of the R-1 rotational seismometer and EP-300 translational seismometer. In result data collection, the waveforms generated by 39 high-energy seismic events were recorded. The characteristic of the rotational component of the seismic waves were described in terms of their amplitude and frequency characteristics and were compared with translational measurements. The analysis indicated that the characteristic of the rotational component of the seismic wave differs significantly in comparison to translational ones, both in terms of their amplitude and frequency distribution. Also, attenuation of rotational and translational components was qualitatively compared. Finally, the empirical formulas for seismic rotation prediction in the Lower Silesian Copper Basin were developed and validated.

Validation of Rayleigh Wave Theoretical Formulation with Single-Station Rotational Records of Mine Tremors in Lower Silesian Copper Basin

“…The rotational seismometer, due to its low weight, was grouted to the floor to ensure proper measurements. More details about the measuring system were presented in reference [42]. The measuring station was installed in a 2-m-deep concrete well, located at the dam of Zelazny Most Tailing Pond.…”

“…The rotational seismometer, due to its low weight, was grouted to the floor to ensure proper measurements. More details about the measuring system were presented in reference [42].…”

Two-Step Finite Element Model Tuning Strategy of a Bridge Subjected to Mining-Triggered Tremors of Various Intensities Based on Experimental Modal Identification

“…The development of systems measuring ground motion allowed for establishing response spectral curves for mining activity areas [8]. Researchers point out the importance of considering six degrees of freedom of ground motion during mining-induced tremors [9] and the spatial variation of ground motion associated with mining-triggered shocks [10]. However, mining-triggered and natural quakes differ significantly in some key features.…”

Rotation Rate Sensors and Their Applications

“…Other field tests of rotational sensors were carried out in quarries and are described in the papers by Teisseyre et al (2021) and Brokešová and Málek [ 15 ], where direct rotational motion measurements are compared with rotational motion observations derived from finite differencing across networks of classical seismic translation sensors. The paper by Fuławka et al [ 16 ] describes an experiment measuring ground rotations using an R1 sensor installed in a deep copper-mining basin of LGOM in southwest Poland, excited by strong rock-bursts.…”

“…Teisseyre et al [ 20 ] studied seismic rotational motions generated by multiple mining blasts with three different measuring systems. Pytel et al [ 21 ] and Fulawka et al [ 16 ] also examined induced seismic rotational motions in the near field of mining activities in the Lower Silesian Copper Basin region. Rossi et al [ 7 ] proposed combining accelerometers, global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers, and rotational sensors with a six-component Kalman filter for structural and earthquake monitoring.…”