Near-infrared emission of dinuclear iridium complexes with hole/electron transporting bridging and their monomer in solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes

Hao, Zhaoran; Li, Min; Liu, Yajun; Xie, Guohua; Liu, Yu

doi:10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.09.061

Cited by 38 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Therefore, TADF-based DR/NIR OLEDs have a low luminance value. Meanwhile, high-efficiency DR/NIR OLEDs using transition metal complexes such as osmium (Os), [19][20][21] platinum (Pt), [22][23][24][25][26] and iridium (Ir) [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thienothiophenyl‐Isoquinoline Iridium Complex‐Based Deep Red to Near‐Infrared Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes with Low Driving Voltage and High Radiant Emittance for Practical Biomedical Applications

Park

Lee

Choi

et al. 2021

Advanced Photonics Research

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Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have become mainstream as the next generation of wearable displays that will outperform lasers and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Recently, OLED-based platforms used for light applications were introduced. [1][2][3] In particular, deep red to nearinfrared (DR/NIR) OLEDs have emerged in the past few years because they can be applied for night vision displays, optical sensors, and phototherapy. [4] However, DR/NIR emitters exhibit intrinsic defects: these emitters are prone to undesired nonradiative decay pathways owing to the narrow bandgap. According to the energy gap law, the nonradiative decay rate (k nr ) is inversely proportional to the bandgap. In addition to this, the radiative rate (k r ) has a cubic dependence on the transition energy, so that it is expected to get smaller for lower energy emitters, implying that DR/NIR emitters have poor quantum efficiencies because of the incorporation of ground-and excited-vibrational energy states. [5][6][7][8][9] Consequently, research on high efficiency DR/NIR OLEDs has lagged behind that on visible-region OLEDs. To overcome this limitation, diverse ways of boosting the DR/NIR efficiency were introduced. In general, there are three kinds of DR/NIR emitters for high efficiency DR/NIR OLEDs: donor-acceptordonor (D-A-D) type, [10,11] thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), [12][13][14][15] and transition-metal complexes. [16,17] DR/ NIR fluorophores of the D-A-D type have been researched to provide DR/NIR OLEDs with cost advantage and versatility. However, most DR/NIR OLEDs based on the D-A-D type show extremely low external quantum efficiency (EQE), radiance, and unexplained operational lifetime for practical application. [10,11] TADF DR/NIR emitters utilize nonradiative triplet excitons that move to a singlet region and achieve 100% internal quantum efficiency (IQE). [18] Nonetheless, there are chronic constraints with fluorescence quenching. Therefore, TADF-based DR/NIR OLEDs have a low luminance value. Meanwhile, high-efficiency DR/NIR OLEDs using transition metal complexes such as osmium (Os), [19][20][21] platinum (Pt), [22][23][24][25][26] and iridium (Ir) [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thienothiophenyl‐Isoquinoline Iridium Complex‐Based Deep Red to Near‐Infrared Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes with Low Driving Voltage and High Radiant Emittance for Practical Biomedical Applications

Park

Lee

Choi

et al. 2021

Advanced Photonics Research

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“…Other than aliphatic substitutions, the bulkier aromatic ones were also often used, like the triphenylamine (TPA) group ( Hao et al., 2018 ; Liu et al., 2018b ; You et al., 2020a ), fluorenyl ( Cao et al., 2015 ), and thienyl ( You et al., 2020a ) as shown in Figure 8 . The aromatic groups connecting by single bonds have less contribution to the FMOs and emission energies than those condensed on the conjugated parts.…”

Section: Molecular Designs For Nir-emitting Ir(iii) Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We would only take a glance at some representative ones. Some of the binuclear ones exhibit similar photophysical properties (similar emission wavelength and comparable PLQY) to their mononuclear counterparts, such as complex 20 (PLQY 2.25% at 698 nm) compared with complexes 56 (PLQY 0.70% at 699 nm) and 57 (PLQY 1.22% at 700 nm) ( Hao et al., 2018 ) and complex 29 (PLQY 8% at 698 nm) compared with complex 58 (PLQY 15% at 722 nm) ( Zhou et al., 2019a ). Although complex 59 does not have a specific mononuclear counterpart, its peak emission wavelength at 709 nm is similar to that of other mononuclear complexes based on btiq CˆN ligands ( He et al., 2020a ).…”

Section: Molecular Designs For Nir-emitting Ir(iii) Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-infrared emitting iridium complexes: Molecular design, photophysical properties, and related applications

Zhang

Qiao

2021

iScience

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Summary Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have become popular displays from small screens of wearables to large screens of televisions. In those active-matrix OLED displays, phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes serve as the indispensable green and red emitters because of their high luminous efficiency, excellent color tunability, and high durability. However, in contrast to their brilliant success in the visible region, iridium complexes are still underperforming in the near-infrared (NIR) region, particular in poor luminous efficiency according to the energy gap law. In this review, we first recall the basic theory of phosphorescent iridium complexes and explore their full potential for NIR emission. Next, the recent advances in NIR-emitting iridium complexes are summarized by highlighting design strategies and the structure-properties relationship. Some important implications for controlling photophysical properties are revealed. Moreover, as promising applications, NIR-OLEDs and bio-imaging based on NIR Ir(III) complexes are also presented. Finally, challenges and opportunities for NIR-emitting iridium complexes are envisioned.

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“…Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have been widely used in displays and lighting production [75,76]. Many corresponding red, green, and blue (RGB) emitters have passed rigorous industrial evaluations for commercial applications.…”

Section: Electroluminescencementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances of Near-Infrared (NIR) Emissive Metal Complexes Bridged by Ligands with N- and/or O-Donor Sites

et al. 2021

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Near-infrared (NIR) emissive metal complexes have shown potential applications in optical communication, chemosensors, bioimaging, and laser and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) due to their structural tunability and luminescence stability. Among them, complexes with bridging ligands that exhibit unique emission behavior have attracted extensive interests in recent years. The target performance can be easily achieved by NIR light-emitting metal complexes with bridging ligands through molecular structure design. In this review, the luminescence mechanism and design strategies of NIR luminescent metal complexes with bridging ligands are described firstly, and then summarize the recent advance of NIR luminescent metal complexes with bridging ligands in the fields of electroluminescence and biosensing/bioimaging. Finally, the development trend of NIR luminescent metal complexes with bridging ligands are proposed, which shows an attractive prospect in the field of photophysical and photochemical materials.

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Near-infrared emission of dinuclear iridium complexes with hole/electron transporting bridging and their monomer in solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes

Cited by 38 publications

References 42 publications

Thienothiophenyl‐Isoquinoline Iridium Complex‐Based Deep Red to Near‐Infrared Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes with Low Driving Voltage and High Radiant Emittance for Practical Biomedical Applications

Thienothiophenyl‐Isoquinoline Iridium Complex‐Based Deep Red to Near‐Infrared Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes with Low Driving Voltage and High Radiant Emittance for Practical Biomedical Applications

Near-infrared emitting iridium complexes: Molecular design, photophysical properties, and related applications

Recent Advances of Near-Infrared (NIR) Emissive Metal Complexes Bridged by Ligands with N- and/or O-Donor Sites

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