Near-infrared fluorescent probe for hydrogen sulfide: high-fidelity ferroptosis evaluation in vivo during stroke

Abstract

A H2S triggered and H2S releasing near-infrared fluorescent probe (HL-H2S) was developed. HL-H2S does not interfere with the progression of ferroptosis by consuming H2S, thus enabling high-fidelity in situ imaging of ferroptosis.

Recent advances in small-molecule fluorescent probes for studying ferroptosis

“…7). 119 In probe 9 , the benzyl thiocarbamate unit bearing an azide moiety and the quinolinemalonitrile part linked to the thiophene through δ-bonds were expected to act as the H 2 S reporter and fluorophore, respectively. Importantly, the δ-bonds enabled the probe 9 to track viscosity at the same time.…”

Recent Advances of Fluorescence Probes for Imaging of Ferroptosis Process

“…Probes for reducing substances (such as H2S) usually consume reducing substances, instigating a redox imbalance, which further aggravates the progression of ferroptosis. Therefore, Hu's group [71] developed an H2S−triggered and H2S−releasing NIR fluorescence probe (HL−H2S) for the high−fidelity in situ imaging of ferroptosis (Figure 15). When HL−H2S responded to H2S, the reduction of azido group to amine could trigger 1,6−elimination to release the NIR fluorescent HL−NH2, as well as carbonyl sulfide (O=C=S), which was then catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase to form H2S.…”

“…Probes for reducing substances (such as H 2 S) usually consume reducing substances, instigating a redox imbalance, which further aggravates the progression of ferroptosis. Therefore, Hu's group [71] developed an H 2 S−triggered and H 2 S−releasing NIR fluorescence probe (HL−H 2 S) for the high−fidelity in situ imaging of ferroptosis (Figure 15). When HL−H 2 S responded to H 2 S, the reduction of azido group to amine could trigger 1,6−elimination to release the NIR fluorescent HL−NH 2 , as well as carbonyl sulfide (O=C=S), which was then catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase to form H 2 S. Thus, the detection of H 2 S in ferroptosis would avoid the consumption of H 2 S. Additionally, the rotatable vinyl bond of the released fluorophore HL−NH 2 enabled its fluorescence increase response to viscosity, which contributed the accurate detection of the ferroptosis process because cell viscosity increases during ferroptosis.…”

Simultaneous tracking of autophagy and oxidative stress during stroke with an ICT-TBET integrated ratiometric two-photon platform

“…With the development of confocal imaging, in situ , real-time monitoring of cellular metabolism using fluorescent probes exhibiting simultaneous responses to multiple targets has resulted in significant advances. 11,12 In particular, two-photon confocal technology using focused excitation can significantly improve the imaging resolution and visualization time. 13,14 Single emission probes are affected by many factors, such as light source intensity, solvent scattering, color and viscosity, probe distribution, instrumental performance and so on, which results in inaccuracy, especially in the determination of the starting point of metabolism.…”