Near-Isogenic Barley Lines Show Enhanced Susceptibility to Powdery Mildew Infection Following High-Temperature Stress

Nagy, J.; Schwarczinger, Ildikó; Király, Lóránt; Bacsó, Renáta; Ádám, Attila L.; Künstler, András

doi:10.3390/plants11070903

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…An increasing problem for agriculture is the loss in growth, yield, and quality due to abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity [ 1 ]. These stresses also influence plant responses to microbial pathogens; increased fungal and bacterial diseases occur with abiotic stress [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Plant metabolism changes when the plant becomes stressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Metal-Chelating Metabolites Induced by Drought and a Root Microbiome in Wheat

Anderson

Hortin

Jacobson

et al. 2023

Plants

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The essential metals Cu, Zn, and Fe are involved in many activities required for normal and stress responses in plants and their microbiomes. This paper focuses on how drought and microbial root colonization influence shoot and rhizosphere metabolites with metal-chelation properties. Wheat seedlings, with and without a pseudomonad microbiome, were grown with normal watering or under water-deficit conditions. At harvest, metal-chelating metabolites (amino acids, low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs), phenolic acids, and the wheat siderophore) were assessed in shoots and rhizosphere solutions. Shoots accumulated amino acids with drought, but metabolites changed little due to microbial colonization, whereas the active microbiome generally reduced the metabolites in the rhizosphere solutions, a possible factor in the biocontrol of pathogen growth. Geochemical modeling with the rhizosphere metabolites predicted Fe formed Fe–Ca–gluconates, Zn was mainly present as ions, and Cu was chelated with the siderophore 2′-deoxymugineic acid, LMWOAs, and amino acids. Thus, changes in shoot and rhizosphere metabolites caused by drought and microbial root colonization have potential impacts on plant vigor and metal bioavailability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Metal-Chelating Metabolites Induced by Drought and a Root Microbiome in Wheat

Anderson

Hortin

Jacobson

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…Rice with a Co39 genetic background became resistant to Magnaporthe oryzae after plants were exposed to 35 °C (Onaga et al 2017). However, in general, prolonged heat stress has a negative effect on plant disease resistance (de Jong et al 2002;Xiao et al 2003;Negeri et al 2013;Schwarczinger et al 2021;Kolozsv arin e et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ingrid near isogenic barley lines (Kolozsváriné et al . 2022). Continuous high temperature (30 °C) inhibited expression of disease resistance genes ( RPW8.1 and RPW8.2 ) in Arabidopsis thaliana and resulted in a reduction in the hypersensitive response (HR) and enhanced spread of the powdery mildew pathogen, Erysiphe cichoracearum (Xiao et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat shock‐induced enhanced susceptibility of barley to Bipolaris sorokiniana is associated with elevated ROS production and plant defence‐related gene expression

Künstler,

Füzék,

Schwarczinger

et al. 2023

Plant Biol J

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Heat stress alters plant defence responses to pathogens. Short‐term heat shock promotes infections by biotrophic pathogens. However, little is known about how heat shock affects infection by hemibiotrophic pathogens like Bipolaris sorokiniana (teleomorph: Cochliobolus sativus). We assessed the effect of heat shock in B. sorokiniana‐susceptible barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Ingrid) by monitoring leaf spot symptoms, B. sorokiniana biomass, ROS and plant defence‐related gene expression following pre‐exposure to heat shock. For heat shock, barley plants were kept at 49 °C for 20 s. B. sorokiniana biomass was assessed by qPCR, ROS levels determined by histochemical staining, while gene expression was assayed by RT‐qPCR. Heat shock suppressed defence responses of barley to B. sorokiniana, resulting in more severe necrotic symptoms and increased fungal biomass, as compared to untreated plants. Heat shock‐induced increased susceptibility was accompanied by significant increases in ROS (superoxide, H2O2). Transient expression of plant defence‐related antioxidant genes and a barley programmed cell death inhibitor (HvBI‐1) were induced in response to heat shock. However, heat shock followed by B. sorokiniana infection caused further transient increases in expression of HvSOD and HvBI‐1 correlated with enhanced susceptibility. Expression of the HvPR‐1b gene encoding pathogenesis‐related protein‐1b increased several fold 24 h after B. sorokiniana infection, however, heat shock further increased transcript levels along with enhanced susceptibility. Heat shock induces enhanced susceptibility of barley to B. sorokiniana, associated with elevated ROS levels and expression of plant defence‐related genes encoding antioxidants, a cell death inhibitor, and PR‐1b. Our results may contribute to elucidating the influence of heat shock on barley defence responses to hemibiotrophic pathogens.

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Heat Treatments at Varying Ambient Temperatures and Durations Differentially Affect Plant Defense to Blumeria hordei in a Resistant and a Susceptible Hordeum vulgare Line

Fodor,

Nagy,

Király

et al. 2024

Phytopathology®

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Our previous research showed that a powdery mildew resistant barley line (MvHV07-17) maintains its resistance to Blumeria hordei (Bh) even if plants are exposed to long-term high temperature of 35 ⁰C for 120 h before Bh inoculation, while such high temperature pre-treatment further increases susceptibility to infection in the susceptible barley line MvHV118-17. In the present study, we extend this approach using short-term high-temperature water treatment (49 ⁰C 30 s) in order to determine how it affects powdery mildew resistance in these barley lines. We found that this short-term heat shock (HS) impaired plant defense responses, as reflected by development of Bh colonies and visible necrotic spots on leaves of MvHV07-17, which does not develop visible symptoms upon Bh inoculation under optimal growth conditions. In contrast, both HS and long-term heat stress enhanced susceptibility to Bh in MvHV118-17 plants. These results were supported by the measurement of Bh biomass using a qPCR method. Furthermore, microscopic examinations showed that HS elevated the rate of successful Bh penetration events, the spread of cell death in the surrounding mesophyll area and allowed colony formation and sporulation in resistant barley while early and effective plant defense responses, such as papilla formation and single-cell epidermal hypersensitive response were significantly reduced. Furthermore, we found that the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in both resistant and susceptible barley was correlated with susceptibility induced by HS and long-term heat-stress. This study may contribute to a better understanding of plant defense responses to Bh in barley exposed to heat.

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Near-Isogenic Barley Lines Show Enhanced Susceptibility to Powdery Mildew Infection Following High-Temperature Stress

Cited by 4 publications

References 77 publications

Changes in Metal-Chelating Metabolites Induced by Drought and a Root Microbiome in Wheat

Changes in Metal-Chelating Metabolites Induced by Drought and a Root Microbiome in Wheat

Heat shock‐induced enhanced susceptibility of barley to Bipolaris sorokiniana is associated with elevated ROS production and plant defence‐related gene expression

Heat Treatments at Varying Ambient Temperatures and Durations Differentially Affect Plant Defense to Blumeria hordei in a Resistant and a Susceptible Hordeum vulgare Line

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