“…The procedure has been implemented and tested over the South African region but can be successfully applied in every region where both GNSS receivers networks and ionosonde stations are available. that these climatological models provide (Barabashov et al, 2006;Habarulema & Ssessanga, 2016;Hernandez-Pajares et al, 2002;Komjathy & Langley, 1996;Komjathy et al, 1998;Maltseva et al, 2010;Nava et al, 2005Nava et al, , 2006Nava et al, , 2011Olwendo & Cesaroni, 2016;Ssessanga et al, 2015). The approaches used, corresponding strengths and weaknesses, and results achieved by these authors have been summarized by Pignalberi et al (2018a).…”