Nearly dispersionless multicolor metasurface beam deflector for near eye display designed by a physics-driven deep neural network

Chen, Wen-Qing; Zhang, Dasen; Long, Shang-Yu; Liu, Zhen Zhen; Xiao, Jun Jun

doi:10.1364/ao.421901

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The concept of an achromatic metagrating decorated waveguide display is shown in Fig. 12(a), where co-propagating RGB light enters the waveguide through the metagrating in-coupler with the same TIR angle, bounces back and forth inside the waveguide slab, and finally exits the waveguide through the metagrating out-coupler with the same exit angle 186 . Both couplers are in the form of stacked grating layers, where each layer consists of judiciously designed TiO2 and SiO2 nanoridges.…”

Section: Metacouplersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metasurface-enabled augmented reality display: a review

et al. 2023

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.Augmented reality (AR) display, which superimposes virtual images on ambient scene, can visually blend the physical world and the digital world and thus opens a new vista for human–machine interaction. AR display is considered as one of the next-generation display technologies and has been drawing huge attention from both academia and industry. Current AR display systems operate based on a combination of various refractive, reflective, and diffractive optical elements, such as lenses, prisms, mirrors, and gratings. Constrained by the underlying physical mechanisms, these conventional elements only provide limited light-field modulation capability and suffer from issues such as bulky volume and considerable dispersion, resulting in large size, severe chromatic aberration, and narrow field of view of the composed AR display system. Recent years have witnessed the emerging of a new type of optical elements—metasurfaces, which are planar arrays of subwavelength electromagnetic structures that feature an ultracompact footprint and flexible light-field modulation capability, and are widely believed to be an enabling tool for overcoming the limitations faced by current AR displays. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive review on the recent development of metasurface-enabled AR display technology. We first familiarize readers with the fundamentals of AR display, covering its basic working principle, existing conventional-optics-based solutions, as well as the associated pros and cons. We then introduce the concept of optical metasurfaces, emphasizing typical operating mechanisms, and representative phase modulation methods. We elaborate on three kinds of metasurface devices, namely, metalenses, metacouplers, and metaholograms, which have empowered different forms of AR displays. Their physical principles, device designs, and the performance improvement of the associated AR displays are explained in details. In the end, we discuss the existing challenges of metasurface optics for AR display applications and provide our perspective on future research endeavors.

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Section: Metacouplersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metasurface-enabled augmented reality display: a review

et al. 2023

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“…Design of metasurfaces for such applications can be realized efficiently with the DL methods. The paper [114] provides an example of a design of a metasurface acting as a beam deflector. It consists of a stack of L-layer gratings made of TiO 2 with glass nanoridges where each grating layer is 300 nm thick.…”

Section: Transformative Metasurfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent metaphotonics empowered by machine learning

Krasikov,

Tranter,

Bogdanov

et al. 2021

Preprint

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In the recent years, we observe a dramatic boost of research in photonics empowered by the concepts of machine learning and artificial intelligence. The corresponding photonic systems, to which this new methodology is applied, can range from traditional optical waveguides to nanoantennas and metasurfaces, and these novel approaches underpin the fundamental principles of light-matter interaction developed for a smart design of intelligent photonic devices. Concepts and approaches of artificial intelligence and machine learning penetrate rapidly into the fundamental physics of light, and they provide effective tools for the study of the field of metaphotonics driven by opticallyinduced electric and magnetic resonances. Here, we introduce this new field with its application to metaphotonics and also present a summary of the basic concepts of machine learning with some specific examples developed and demonstrated for metasystems and metasurfaces.

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“…[46] A generative model, paired with active learning, has also been used to increase emission directivity by tuning the pump beam pattern. [47] Similarly, the performance of passive metasurfaces has been optimized using many techniques including the adjoint gradient method, [8,18,48] genetic algorithms, [2,49] neural networks, [50] and Bayesian optimization in the form of efficient global optimization (EGO). [1] Regardless of the optimization method, the efficiency of any passive beam deflecting metasurface geometry can be predicted using a single forward simulation where a plane wave of definite momentum interacts with the surface and is projected into the far field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Polarization Selective Unidirectional Photoluminescence from Phased‐Array Metasurfaces

Heki,

Mohtashami,

Chao

et al. 2024

Advanced Optical Materials

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Metasurface‐based optical elements offer a wide design space for miniature and lightweight optical applications. Typically, metasurface optical elements transform an incident light beam into a desired output waveform. Recent demonstrations of light‐emitting metasurfaces highlight the potential for directly producing desired output waveforms via metasurface‐mediated spontaneous emission. In this work, reciprocal finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) simulations and machine learning are used to enable the inverse design of highly unidirectional photoluminescent III‐Nitride quantum well metasurfaces capable of directive p‐, s‐, or combined p‐ and s‐ polarized emission at arbitrary angles. In comparison with previous intuition‐guided designs using the same quantum well architectures, the inverse design approach enables new polarization capabilities and experimentally demonstrated improvements in directivity of 54%. An analysis of ways in which the inverse design both validates and contradicts previous intuition‐guided design heuristics is presented. Ultimately, the combination of reciprocal simulations and efficient global optimization (EGO) grants remarkable improvements in emission directivity and results in full control over the polarization and momentum of emitted light, including simultaneous directional emission of s‐ and p‐polarized light.

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Nearly dispersionless multicolor metasurface beam deflector for near eye display designed by a physics-driven deep neural network

Cited by 16 publications

References 43 publications

Metasurface-enabled augmented reality display: a review

Metasurface-enabled augmented reality display: a review

Intelligent metaphotonics empowered by machine learning

Optimizing Polarization Selective Unidirectional Photoluminescence from Phased‐Array Metasurfaces

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