Nebraska Biocontainment Unit patient discharge and environmental decontamination after Ebola care

Jelden, Katelyn C.; Gibbs, Shawn G.; Smith, Philip W.; Schwedhelm, Michelle; Iwen, Peter C.; Beam, Elizabeth L.; Hayes, Anne; Marion, Nedra; Kratochvil, Christopher J.; Boulter, Kathleen C.; Hewlett, Angela; Lowe, John J.

doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2014.12.005

Cited by 26 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…[11][12][13] The World Health Organization recommends direct disposal of contaminated liquid waste into the sewage system without disinfection, 14 but this guidance has raised concerns among environmental engineers because workers may come into close contact with wastewater, 15 and as few as 10 infectious viral particles are sufficient to infect individuals. [16][17][18] Recent studies indicate that Ebola virus and surrogates can survive for at least 1 day in wastewater. 19,20 In addition, our research investigating the partitioning of Ebola virus surrogates among liquid, biosolids, and material surfaces demonstrated that at least 94% of virions partitioned into the liquid fraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerosolization of Ebola Virus Surrogates in Wastewater Systems

Lin

Marr

2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Academic AbstractRecent studies have shown that Ebola virus can persist in wastewater, and the potential for the virus to be aerosolized and pose a risk of inhalation exposure has not been evaluated.We considered this risk for three wastewater systems: toilets, a lab-scale model of an aeration basin, and a lab-scale model of converging sewer pipes. We measured the aeroso l size distribution generated by each system, spiked Ebola virus surrogates into each system, and determined the emission rate of viruses into the air. While the number of aerosols released ranged from 10 5 to 10 7 per flush from the toilets or per minute from the lab-scale models, the total volume of aerosols generated by these systems was ~10 -8 to 10 -7 mL per flush or per minute in all cases. The Ebola virus surrogates MS2 and Phi6, spiked into toilets at an initial concentration of 10 7 PFU mL -1 , were not detected in air after flushing.Airborne concentrations of MS2 and Phi6 were ~20 PFU L -1 and ~0.1 PFU L -1 , respectively, associated with the aeration basin and sewer models. This corresponds to emission rates of 547 PFU min -1 and 3.8 PFU min -1 of MS2 and Phi6, respectively, for the aeration basin and 79 PFU min -1 and 0.3 PFU min -1 for the sewer model. Since informa tio n on the aerosolization of Ebola virus is quite limited, these emission rates can greatly help inform risk assessment of inhalation exposure to Ebola virus.iii

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 Infected individuals can produce up to 9 L of liquid waste per day, which means disposal of a large volume of EBOV-contaminated waste is required. 18,19 According to guidance from the World Health Organization (WHO), liquid waste from Ebola victims can be directly disposed in the sanitary sewer without disinfection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosolization of Ebola Virus Surrogates in Wastewater Systems

Lin

Marr

2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…If there is a problem like Finding lack of coordination within an organization or between the responsible agencies in transmission the patient, some joint meetings will be held to discuss and resolve potential failures and correct action guidelines and the results of these meetings will be communicated as a decision to all organizations [12,13,15,16].…”

Section: The Overall Assessment Of the Patient Transfer Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Try to bring a clean stretcher with necessary equipment's for transmission the patient, close EMS ambulance and also in transferring the patients from ambulance to hospital we should use special track is covered with waterproof sheet. It is better emergency medical services' personnel don't interfere in the transferring the patient to his hospital room because the possibility of contamination due to the contamination of clothes and hands, but if they do, after getting off the ambulance the stretcher's wheels and the soles of shoes of procedures staff must be disinfected with sodium hypochlorite 10% [4,11,15,16].…”

Section: Clinical Care While In Transitmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Codification of Islamic Republic of Iran's Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Native Reaction Protocol to Suspected Ebola Patients based on World Protocols

Irannejad

Jadidi²,

Safarabadi³

2017

J Bioterror Biodef

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Impact of Biomedical Waste Management System on Infection Control in the Midst of COVID-19 Pandemic

Christyraj

Prasannan

et al. 2021

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Green Societies

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The emergence of modern medicinal practices and diagnosis process has resulted in health risks and threat to the environment, and thus it is a matter of global concern. However, the improper waste management rules adopted in healthcare hospitals around the world cause a potential health impact to ecosystem which generates contagious and deadly diseases affected by human beings. In this chapter, an attempt is made to investigate an overview of biomedical waste management practices in healthcare facilities in India as well as around the world. This chapter intends to provide the origin and types of biomedical waste, requirement of waste management rules and containment in hospitals and research centres and followed by the safe disposal of wastes which are unaffected to the environment. More emphasis was given to the biomedical health risks, handling and disposal methodologies adopted by different countries and the steps taken to eradicate the infections caused due to COVID-19 pandemic in much reliable ways. Keywords Biomedical waste management • Incinerator • COVID-19 • Infection control • Health risks • Segregation of wastes • Colour codes for wastes • Treatment of waste • Disposal methods Authors Dr.Jackson Durairaj and Dr. Johnson Retnaraj Samuel have contributed equally.

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Nebraska Biocontainment Unit patient discharge and environmental decontamination after Ebola care

Cited by 26 publications

References 4 publications

Aerosolization of Ebola Virus Surrogates in Wastewater Systems

Aerosolization of Ebola Virus Surrogates in Wastewater Systems

Codification of Islamic Republic of Iran's Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Native Reaction Protocol to Suspected Ebola Patients based on World Protocols

Impact of Biomedical Waste Management System on Infection Control in the Midst of COVID-19 Pandemic

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