“…In the time-invariant case, stability of functional differential equations like (1.3) has been studied from the fifties on. By and large, works on the subject fall into two classes: those relying on Laplace transform and the spectral theory of semi-groups to reduce issues of stability to the location of zeros of almost periodic holomorphic functions (see for instance [13,4,2,1]), and those seeking to construct Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals whose existence is sufficient for exponential stability to hold (for example as in [1,14,15]). For time invariant difference-delay systems of the form (1.1) (that is: with constant D j ), a well-known necessary and sufficient condition for exponential stability (either C 0 or L q for any q ∈ [1, ∞]) can be given in terms of the matrixvalued function H(p) = I − N j=1 e −p τ j D j of the complex variable p; namely, exponential stability in this case is equivalent to the existence of α < 0 such that H(p) is invertible for ℜ(p) > α.…”