Need affiliation and frequency of four types of communication.

Lansing, John B.; Heyns, Roger W.

doi:10.1037/h0045906

Cited by 43 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Peo ple with a high affiliation motive enjoy the presence of others and show positive social behavior more frequently (Jemmott, 1987;McClelland, 1985b;Sokolowski, 2008). Friendly relationships with others can be achieved through verbal interaction such as talking, writing letters or calling someone on the phone (Lansing & Heyns, 1959;McAdams & Constantian, 1983). Affiliative behavior can also be observed in nonverbal behavior like eye contact with others (Exline, 1963), evading conflicts in a group setting, or even evading games involving arguing with strangers (Exline, 1962;McClelland, 1975McClelland, , 1985b.…”

Section: The Explicit Vs Implicit Affiliation Motivementioning

confidence: 99%

Explicit and implicit affiliation motives predict verbal and nonverbal social behavior in sports competition

Wegner

Bohnacker

Mempel

et al. 2014

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tObjectives: The present study investigated the predictive value of the explicit and implicit affiliation motive for social behavior in sport competitions. From an information processing perspective, an explicit motive is linked to verbal cues and respondent behavior. The implicit motive in turn is linked to nonverbal stimuli and operant behavior (McClelland, Koestner, & Weinberger, 1989;Schultheiss, 2008). Both respondent affiliative behavior (e.g., verbal interactions with teammates) and operant nonverbal social behavior (e.g., pleasant to opponents) can be observed in racquet sports team competitions. Design & Methods: Fifty two male racquet sportsmen completed the Personality Research Form (explicit affiliation motive) and the Operant Motive Test (implicit affiliation motive). Motive measures were used to predict social behavior during competitions using multiple regression analyses. To this aim real competitive matches were videotaped and analyzed. Results: Results show that the explicit affiliation motive is associated with time spent in verbal team contact. The implicit affiliation motive, by contrast, is linked to pleasant nonverbal behavior shown to ward opponents. Conclusions: Findings suggest that implicit and explicit affiliation motives predict different kinds of social behavior in sports competition respectively. Indirect motive measures may be of additional predictive value for different behavior in real sports settings.Playing singles competitions in racquet sports is a very lonely endeavor for the players involved when it comes to social inter action during matches, personal responsibility for errors, or the need to travel alone. In contrast to singles competitions, there are team competitions in all three sports of tennis, badminton, and table tennis that leave much more space for social behavior. These team competitions are either national league, collegiate sport, or international competitions such as world championships, Olympic Games, or the Davis Cup in tennis. In tennis, for example, even the rules for social interaction in team competitions differ from the singles competitions. In tennis team competitions, social exchange with teammates or coaches is allowed during breaks. Athletes can talk to their teammates between rallies as well. In badminton, for example, a teammate is even allowed to sit right behind the player during the whole match. In addition to the interaction with opponents or referees commonly found in singles competitions, in team competitions the athlete has the opportu nity to explicitly interact with his teammate or coach throughout the match.In the present study, we were interested in whether athletes who usually compete alone and rely on themselves e without the help of any other teammate or coach e actually use this opportunity for social interaction during a racquet sports game. We investigated whether the social behavior shown in a match could be related to the strength of their implicit vs. explicit affiliation motives. This is particularly interestin...

show abstract

Section: The Explicit Vs Implicit Affiliation Motivementioning

confidence: 99%

Explicit and implicit affiliation motives predict verbal and nonverbal social behavior in sports competition

Wegner

Bohnacker

Mempel

et al. 2014

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…SDT researchers argue that the need for relatedness as well as other basic needs ''can be satisfied while engaging in a wide variety of behaviors that may differ among individuals and be differentially manifest in different cultures, but in any case their satisfaction is essential for the healthy development and well-being of all individuals regardless of culture'' (Ryan and Deci 2000, p. 231). Examples of the wide variety of affiliation behavior mentioned by the authors are getting to know people, trying to please others, showing affection (see Sokolowski 2008), resolve differences, cooperate and maintain harmony (Murray 1938), being in the company with others, talking to others (Constantian 1981), making private phone calls and visiting friends or writing letters to them (Lansing and Heyns 1959).…”

Section: Affiliation Behavior and Implicit Affiliation Motive Satisfamentioning

confidence: 99%

A high implicit affiliation motive does not always make you happy: A corresponding explicit motive and corresponding behavior are further needed

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Satisfaction of the implicit affiliation motive is known to be positively related to emotional well-being, whereas the frustration of the implicit affiliation motive leads to impairment of well-being. In the present research we specified two conditions that are responsible for the satisfaction and frustration of the implicit motive. Referring to research on the congruence of implicit and explicit motives, we assumed that a corresponding explicit affiliation motive leads to satisfaction of the implicit motive. Corresponding affiliation behavior constitutes the second condition. Three studies confirmed the hypothesis that both conditions must be fulfilled in order to positively connect the implicit affiliation motive to emotional well-being. Participants with high implicit and explicit affiliation motives and who additionally showed a large amount of affiliation behavior reported the lowest negative affectivity and the highest life satisfaction compared to participants who lacked one of the conditions.

show abstract

“…For this reason it is evolutionarily functional that the satisfaction of the affiliation motive has positive affective consequences and the dissatisfaction results in negative affect states (McClelland, 1985;McAdams and Bryant, 1987;Baumeister and Leary, 1995;Schüler et al, 2008). In addition to these emotional consequences, the implicit affiliation motive also possesses the qualities of a fundamental human need because it elicits goal-oriented behavior directed at satisfying the affiliation motive (Boyatzis, 1973) and has been linked to a variety of social behaviors (Lansing and Heyns, 1959;Exline, 1962;McAdams and Constantian, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The implicit affiliation motive moderates cortisol responses to acute psychosocial stress in high school students

Wegner

Schüler

Budde

2014

Psychoneuroendocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryIt has been previously shown that the implicit affiliation motive -the need to establish and maintain friendly relationships with others -leads to chronic health benefits. The underlying assumption for the present research was that the implicit affiliation motive also moderates the salivary cortisol response to acute psychological stress when some aspects of social evaluation and uncontrollability are involved. By contrast we did not expect similar effects in response to exercise as a physical stressor. Fifty-nine high school students aged M = 14.8 years were randomly assigned to a psychosocial stress (publishing the results of an intelligence test performed), a physical stress (exercise intensity of 65-75% of HR max ), and a control condition (normal school lesson) each lasting 15 min. Participants' affiliation motives were assessed using the Operant Motive Test and salivary cortisol samples were taken pre and post stressor. We found that the strength of the affiliation motive negatively predicted cortisol reactions to acute psychosocial but not to physical stress when compared to a control group. The results suggest that the affiliation motive buffers the effect of acute psychosocial stress on the HPA axis.

show abstract

Need affiliation and frequency of four types of communication.

Cited by 43 publications

References 5 publications

Explicit and implicit affiliation motives predict verbal and nonverbal social behavior in sports competition

Explicit and implicit affiliation motives predict verbal and nonverbal social behavior in sports competition

A high implicit affiliation motive does not always make you happy: A corresponding explicit motive and corresponding behavior are further needed

The implicit affiliation motive moderates cortisol responses to acute psychosocial stress in high school students

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About