A major limitation in nutritional science is the lack of understanding of the nutritional intake of free-living people. There is an inverse relationship between accuracy of reporting of energy intake by all current nutritional methodologies and body weight. In this pilot study we aim to explore whether using a novel lightweight, wearable micro-camera improves the accuracy of dietary intake assessment. Doubly labelled water (DLW) was used to estimate energy expenditure and intake over a 14-d period, over which time participants (n 6) completed a food diary and wore a micro-camera on 2 of the days. Comparisons were made between the estimated energy intake from the reported food diary alone and together with the images from the micro-camera recordings. There was an average daily deficit of 3912 kJ using food diaries to estimate energy intake compared with estimated energy expenditure from DLW (P = 0·0118), representing an under-reporting rate of 34 %. Analysis of food diaries alone showed a significant deficit in estimated daily energy intake compared with estimated intake from food diary analysis with images from the micro-camera recordings (405 kJ). Use of the micro-camera images in conjunction with food diaries improves the accuracy of dietary assessment and provides valuable information on macronutrient intake and eating rate. There is a need to develop this recording technique to remove user and assessor bias.Key words: Dietary recording: Doubly labelled water: Micro-camera devices: Energy intake A common weakness of nutritional research is not being able to accurately assess the dietary intake of people in their home environments. To understand the impact of nutritional health in the population there is a need to understand and measure energy expenditure and intake accurately. Common techniques mainly include self-reported questionnaires and dietary records, which are subjective and known to have varying degrees of accuracy, and for this reason some have argued that all memory-based techniques should not be used in nutrition research and that objective measures should be developed in their place (1,2) . Estimates from a sample of adults aged 19-65 years participating in the 2000 UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey suggest that under-reporting occurs in up to 88 % of the sample depending on the method used to calculate underreporting and the various sub-samples examined (3) .Studies using the gold standard method of doubly labelled water (DLW) to measure energy expenditure (and, on the principle of energy balance, energy intake) have demonstrated under-reporting rates of between 2 and 59 % depending on the method of dietary assessment and population sample being studied (4)(5)(6)(7) .Propensity towards under-reporting using food records is far higher in obese compared with lean individuals (8)(9)(10)(11) (19 and 2 %, respectively (8) ). Furthermore, evidence of weight loss during study periods indicates under-eating. This under-eating, along with the under-reporting observed in multiple studies, f...