Needle ice formation, induced frost heave, and frost creep: A case study through photogrammetry at Stelvio Pass (Italian Central Alps)

Ponti, Stefano; Cannone, Nicoletta; Guglielmin, Mauro

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2018.01.009

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…temperatures. Rather, as well demonstrated by other authors, it is a matter of cooling rates (Grab, 2001;Lawler, 1993;Outcalt, 1971;Ponti, Cannone, & Guglielmin, 2018;Yamagishi & Matsuoka, 2015) that are controlled not only by radiation.…”

Section: Bending Processmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…The topography and texture (having a mean gravel percentage of 60% for A, B and C, whereas 81% for D; and an average fine material percentage of 37% for A, B and C, whereas 15% for D) of the four plots remained unvaried from 2016 to 2018, except of the vegetation cover that was avoided in this study by selecting the vegetation free quadrant of the original 1 m 2 plot. Thus, we suggest seeing the plots' locations characteristics in Ponti, Cannone, & Guglielmin (2018). Apart from the soil temperature, the other inconstant environmental parameter was the soil WC.…”

Section: Needle Ice Developmentmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The study period started on the 26 September 2018 and ended on the 18 October 2018 for a total of 23 days. This period was chosen according to Ponti, Cannone, & Guglielmin (2018) because it is the most representative of the needle ice process in this area. Close to plot C, an automatic weather station (AWS) (Onset Hobo Microstation) was installed to record at every minute the air temperature, air humidity and the soil moisture between 0 and 30 cm of depth.…”

Section: Experimental Setup: Thermistors and Bendingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Advances in understanding the cooling rates and bending of needle ice: Photogrammetric and thermal observations leading to the spatial distribution of needle ice creep

Ponti

Guglielmin

2023

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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The freeze–thaw cycles are a process that dominate entire landscapes with different intensity and magnitudes that are strongly changing in the current climate change conditions. In particular, the diurnal frost heave (FH) and needle ice creep (NIC) are two poorly studied processes, especially in the field, despite their effects on the sediment transportation and vegetation colonization on Alpine slopes. In a site of the Central Alps, we applied photogrammetry, thermal imaging, manual measurements and thermistors logging to improve the knowledge of the driving parameter for the formation and accretion of needle ice, of the relations of their spatial distribution with cooling rates and the frost creep modelling change in the presence of the bending process. Among the driving factors, we demonstrate that very local conditions govern the development of the needle ice, like the air cooling rates, the deepening of the freezing front and the surficial cooling rates. Especially low cooling rates are necessary for an intense process. Also the grain size influences the development of the needle ice with higher needle ice development under fine sediment than under small clasts due to a differential thermal conductivity. Moreover, the bending of needle ice has proved to be dependent on its length, age and type of heaved sediment. Therefore, potential frost creep formulas needed to be ameliorated considering the bending angle. Subsequently, a question about the role of slope gradient in NIC is treated.

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Section: Bending Processmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Needle Ice Developmentmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Experimental Setup: Thermistors and Bendingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in understanding the cooling rates and bending of needle ice: Photogrammetric and thermal observations leading to the spatial distribution of needle ice creep

Ponti

Guglielmin

2023

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…Needle-ice activity prevails on alpine vegetation-free slopes exposed to diurnal temperature cycles across the freezing point. Despite only superficial freezing, needle ice can lift sand grains or even stones underlain by fine-grained (frost-susceptible) soils, often accompanied by bending (Li et al, 2018;Ponti et al, 2018;Ponti & Guglielmin, 2023;Yamagishi & Matsuoka, 2015). Successive freezing with limited daytime ablation stacks multi-layer needle ice with inclusion of grains, the total thickness of which reaches 10 cm or more (Lawler, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How can needle ice transport large stones? Twenty‐one years of field observations

Matsuoka

2023

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Downslope movements of 12 stones (10–27 cm in diameter) were determined from time‐series images for 21 years on a Japanese alpine debris slope (inclination 12°). The process of stone movements was analysed on the basis of frost heave and soil temperature records, with particular attention to the stone size transported by needle ice and the effect of climate change on stone movements. Soil heaving mainly due to needle‐ice growth occurred 24–85 times yr−1 with an annual maximum and cumulative amounts of 1.8–5.5 cm and 17–58 cm yr−1, respectively. Stones moved downslope at rates of 5–20 cm yr−1 (mean 11.7 cm), the velocity correlating with the stone size, although small stones with a height of less than about 3 cm do not reduce needle‐ice activity very much. On an assumption of a linear relationship between the two variables, needle ice can transport stones with a diameter of as large as 30 cm. Both annual mean air/soil temperatures and needle‐ice activity slightly increased through the monitoring period. Climatic warming may have raised the frequency of needle ice by shortening the snow‐covered period.

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“…In addition, the microtopography could be disturbed by the investigators during the installation or measurement of the erosion pins. This method is also restricted in terms of the scale of measurement (e.g., point [6] and quadrat [7]). To measure more accurately the ground-surface changes caused by freeze-thaw action over a wider area, a new measurement method should be developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of Diurnal Ground Surface Changes Due to Freeze-Thaw Action by Real-Time Kinematic Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

et al. 2021

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Ground surface changes caused by freeze-thaw action affect agriculture and forestry, as well as artificial structures such as roads. In this study, an area is examined in which reforestation is urgently needed but the growth of naturally restored seedlings and planted trees is impaired by freeze-thaw action. Thus, a method of measuring freeze-thaw induced ground surface changes and mitigating their negative impacts is needed. Real-time kinematic unmanned aerial vehicle and structure-from-motion multiview stereophotogrammetry are used on slope-failure sites in forest areas to observe the ground surface changes caused by freeze-thaw action over a wide area, in a nondestructive manner. The slope characteristics influencing the ground-surface changes were examined, and it was confirmed that it is possible to observe minute topographical changes of less than ±5 cm resulting from freeze-thaw action. Statistical models show that the amount of freeze-thaw action is mostly linked to the cumulative solar radiation, daily ground-surface temperature range, and topographic-wetness index, which influence the microscale dynamics of the ground surface. The proposed method will be useful for future quantitative assessments of ground-surface conditions. Further, efficient reforestation could be implemented by considering the effects of the factors identified on the amount of freeze-thaw action.

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Needle ice formation, induced frost heave, and frost creep: A case study through photogrammetry at Stelvio Pass (Italian Central Alps)

Cited by 13 publications

References 43 publications

Advances in understanding the cooling rates and bending of needle ice: Photogrammetric and thermal observations leading to the spatial distribution of needle ice creep

Advances in understanding the cooling rates and bending of needle ice: Photogrammetric and thermal observations leading to the spatial distribution of needle ice creep

How can needle ice transport large stones? Twenty‐one years of field observations

Observation of Diurnal Ground Surface Changes Due to Freeze-Thaw Action by Real-Time Kinematic Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

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