Needs Analysis of Depression and Cognitive Distortion Module Among Out-Of-Wedlock Pregnant Adolescents

Abstract

Pregnancy should be an exciting experience and a moment awaited, but it is different for out-of-wedlock pregnancy. Unmarried pregnancy causes a variety of problems especially to the pregnant mother including psychological problems such as depression and cognitive distortion. This study aims to identify the needs of depression and cognitive distortion module that can be used for out-of-wedlock pregnant adolescents at a shelter homes in Malaysia. A total of 42 respondents had participated in this study of which 30 were former trainees and 12 were managers or teachers from five shelter homes. A set of questionnaires with 20 items representing five main themes used in this study. Descriptive statistical methods such as mean, standard deviation, percentage and frequency were obtained. The research findings show that the respondents agreed with the five themes (M=3.30) with a percentage of 85 percent. The implication of this research is that it allows an in-depth exploration of the development of depression and cognitive distortion module which will address the out-of-wedlock pregnancy issue. Apart from that, appropriate theory can also be identified as the basis of module development. In this case, the effectiveness of the module should also be considered.

Development of cognitive behavioral module for out-of-wedlock pregnancy's depression and cognitive distortion

“…In Malaysia, the study found that Malaysian out-of-wedlock shelters use modules developed by shelter management without systematic research procedures [28]. The study also found that shelters for pregnant women out-of-wedlock in Malaysia emphasize spiritual activities and several other activities [28], [29].…”

“…In Malaysia, the study found that Malaysian out-of-wedlock shelters use modules developed by shelter management without systematic research procedures [28]. The study also found that shelters for pregnant women out-of-wedlock in Malaysia emphasize spiritual activities and several other activities [28], [29]. In general, women's shelters offer a variety of activities such as vocational classes (e.g., sewing and handicrafts), religious classes, outdoor activities, and volunteer works.…”

“…In addition, it is recommended that trainees be given exposure to cognitive therapy programs guided by a structured CBT treatment therapy protocol and appropriate to the trainee's needs [32]. This ISSN: 2252-8806  Development of cognitive behavioral module for out-of-wedlock pregnancy's (Fauziah Zaiden) 449 statement is supported by the needs assessments that have been conducted and the findings of the assessment that indicate that there is a need to develop a management module for depression and cognitive distortion for individuals pregnant out-of-wedlock [28]. Therefore, this study will focus on the development of specific modules that emphasize a psychoeducational approach based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).…”

A Quasi-Experimental Clinical Trial of the Detached Mindfulness Group Therapy for Married Women with Major Depressive Disorder

“…research is needed to establish a body of evidence of specific group therapy-based treatment that can guide appropriate intervention for MDD in the adult population. Another study(Zaiden et al 2022) was conducted to identify the needs and effects of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) on women with MDD and cognitive distortion. Findings revealed that, in terms of scope, the cognitive model and ideas are very limited.…”

“…Findings revealed that, in terms of scope, the cognitive model and ideas are very limited. Although CBT is categorised as a directive therapy with the goal of changing thoughts and beliefs, this is not always achieved with forceful treatment approach(Zaiden et al 2022).In addition, a study has Implemented Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) combined with mindfulness-based stress reduction and cognitive behaviour therapy elements for depression among employees(Cladder-Micus et al 2018). According to research findings, eight weeks of MBCT treatment during a relapse of depression reduces the risk of relapse.…”