Negative affect prior to and following overeating‐only, loss of control eating‐only, and binge eating episodes in obese adults

Berg, Kelly C.; Crosby, Ross D.; Cao, Li; Crow, Scott J.; Engel, Scott G.; Wonderlich, Stephen A.; Peterson, Carol B.

doi:10.1002/eat.22401

Cited by 166 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

114

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Prior studies have shown that state negative affect is linked with subsequent LOC eating [25, 70–73] and palatable food intake [26, 74]. However, we found only pre-meal state anxiety, but not state, anger, confusion, depression or fatigue, explained the relationship between recent social stress and palatable food intake.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

Examination of the interpersonal model of loss of control eating in the laboratory

Shank

Crosby

Grammer³

et al. 2017

Comprehensive Psychiatry

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The interpersonal model of loss of control (LOC) eating proposes that interpersonal problems lead to negative affect, which in turn contributes to the onset and/or persistence of LOC eating. Despite preliminary support, there are no data examining the construct validity of the interpersonal model of LOC eating using temporally sensitive reports of social stress, distinct negative affective states, and laboratory energy intake. Method 117 healthy adolescent girls (BMI: 75th–97th %ile) were recruited for a prevention trial targeting excess weight gain in adolescent girls who reported LOC eating. Prior to the intervention, participants completed questionnaires of recent social stress and consumed lunch from a multi-item laboratory test meal. Immediately before the test meal, participants completed a questionnaire of five negative affective states (anger, confusion, depression, fatigue, anxiety). Bootstrapping mediation models were conducted to evaluate pre-meal negative affect states as explanatory mediators of the association between recent social stress and palatable (desserts and snack-type) food intake. All analyses adjusted for age, race, pubertal stage, height, fat mass percentage, and lean mass. Results Pre-meal state anxiety was a significant mediator for recent social stress and palatable food intake (ps < .05). By contrast, pre-meal state anger, confusion, depression, and fatigue did not mediate the relationship between social stress and palatable food intake (ps > .05). Discussion Pre-meal anxiety appears to be the salient mood state for the interpersonal model among adolescent girls with LOC eating. Interventions that focus on improving both social functioning and anxiety may prove most effective at preventing and/or ameliorating disordered eating and obesity in these adolescents.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

Examination of the interpersonal model of loss of control eating in the laboratory

Shank

Crosby

Grammer³

et al. 2017

Comprehensive Psychiatry

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…How NA changes after binge eating and purging, as well as the role of PA in bulimic symptoms, are less clear; however, results derived from a recent multilevel, autoregressive cross-lagged analysis of EMA data indicate that binge eating predicts subsequent decreases in NA at numerous time points across the day (Lavender et al, 2016). These results are consistent with those of within-day analyses that examined trajectories (i.e., temporal patterns of change) of NA and PA intensity ratings preceding and following eating disorder behaviors (Berg et al, 2015; Engel et al, 2007; Engel et al, 2013; Smyth et al, 2007) and suggest that binge eating reduces negative affect. Taken together, despite some remaining debate about post-binge eating and purging affective change (e.g., Haedt-Matt and Keel, 2011), these findings lend support to negative reinforcement models of bulimic behavior.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Temporal associations between affective instability and dysregulated eating behavior in bulimia nervosa

Berner

Crosby

Cao

et al. 2017

Journal of Psychiatric Research

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Prior research suggests that the construct of emotional instability may be salient to bulimia nervosa (BN), but no study to date has used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to examine its temporal association with binge eating and purging. In the current study, 133 women with DSM-IV BN used portable digital devices to provide multiple daily negative affect (NA) and positive affect (PA) ratings and record eating disorder behaviors over 2 weeks. Two state-of-the art indices quantified affective instability: probability of acute change (PAC), which represents the likelihood of extreme affective increases, and mean squared successive difference (MSSD), which represents average change over successive recordings. For extreme affective change, results revealed that on bulimic behavior days, extreme NA increases were less likely after bulimic behaviors than before them, and extreme increases in PA were more likely after bulimic behaviors than during the same time period on non-bulimic behavior days. However, average NA instability (i.e., MSSD) was (a) greater on bulimic behavior days than non-bulimic behavior days, (b) greater after bulimic behaviors than during the same time period on non-bulimic behavior days, and (c) greater after bulimic behaviors than before them. Results lend support to the notion that bulimic behaviors are negatively reinforcing (i.e., via post-behavior acute affective changes), but also indicate that these behaviors may exacerbate overall affective dysregulation. These findings may improve understanding of BN maintenance and inform the development of novel interventions or refinement of existing treatments.

show abstract

“…We expected a four-factor solution consistent with the dimensions specified by the PANAS-X (i.e., Fear, Guilt, Joviality, Self-Assurance; Watson et al, 1988; Watson & Clark, 1994). However, in line with previous analyses conducted in samples with disordered eating (Berg et al, 2013; 2015), we expected the item “disgusted” to load onto the Guilt factor. Model fit was evaluated using the confirmatory fit index (CFI), the Tucker–Lewis index (TLI), the root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA), and the standard root-mean-square residual (SRMR).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Thus, a specific focus on assisting individuals in managing affective responses related to self-concept may be especially appropriate in the treatment of AN. Finally, this study, taken together with prior studies (Berg et al., 2013; 2015), provides some evidence that several disordered eating behaviors may serve similar functions across diagnostic groups. Therefore, treatment approaches targeting common processes, such as guilt or shame, could have a positive impact on a variety of maladaptive behaviors among different patient groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Trajectories of higher- and lower-order dimensions of negative and positive affect relative to restrictive eating in anorexia nervosa.

Haynos¹,

Berg²,

Cao³

et al. 2017

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite robust support for the role of affect in the maintenance of binge eating and purging, the relationship between affect and restrictive eating remains poorly understood. To investigate the relationship between restrictive eating and affect, ecological momentary assessment data from 118 women with anorexia nervosa (AN) were used to examine trajectories of higher-order dimensions of negative affect (NA) and positive affect (PA), as well as lower-order dimensions of NA (Fear, Guilt) and PA (Joviality, Self-Assurance) relative to restrictive eating. Affect trajectories were modeled before and after restrictive eating episodes and AN subtype was examined as a moderator of these trajectories. Across the sample, Guilt significantly increased before and decreased after restrictive eating episodes. Global NA, Global PA, Fear, Joviality, and Self-Assurance did not vary relative to restrictive eating episodes across the sample. However, significant subtype by trajectory interactions were detected for PA indices. Among individuals with AN restricting subtype, Global PA, Joviality, and Self-Assurance decreased prior to and Self-Assurance increased following restrictive eating episodes. In contrast, Global PA and Self-Assurance increased prior to, but did not change following, restrictive eating episodes among individuals with AN binge eating/purging subtype. Results suggest that dietary restriction may function to mitigate guilt across AN subtypes and to enhance self-assurance among individuals with AN restricting subtype.

show abstract

Negative affect prior to and following overeating‐only, loss of control eating‐only, and binge eating episodes in obese adults

Cited by 166 publications

References 45 publications

Examination of the interpersonal model of loss of control eating in the laboratory

Examination of the interpersonal model of loss of control eating in the laboratory

Temporal associations between affective instability and dysregulated eating behavior in bulimia nervosa

Trajectories of higher- and lower-order dimensions of negative and positive affect relative to restrictive eating in anorexia nervosa.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About