Negative Aspects of Close Relationships and Heart Disease

Vogli, Roberto De; Chandola, Tarani; Marmot, Michael

doi:10.1001/archinte.167.18.1951

Cited by 164 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…These phase 3 data used for the imputation are our best estimates of the subjects' current RF levels, and this method has been used in previous reports from the Whitehall II study. 41 Analyses using the same models in which the subjects with incomplete RF profiles were excluded still demonstrated a significant association between FMD and IMT progression despite the lower statistical power and potential for confounding (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Endothelial Function Predicts Progression of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness

Halcox

Donald²,

Ellins³

et al. 2009

Circulation

288

205

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Background-Endothelial dysfunction develops early and has been shown to predict the development of clinical complications of atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between early endothelial dysfunction and the progression of arterial disease in the general population is unknown. We investigated endothelial dysfunction, risk factors, and progression of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in late- Further adjustment for waist circumference, triglycerides, and employment grade had no significant effect. Conclusions-Systemic endothelial function was associated with progression of preclinical carotid arterial disease over a 6-year period and was more closely related to cIMT changes than conventional risk factors. Thus, the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and adverse outcome is likely to be due not only to destabilization of established disease in high-risk populations but also to its impact on the evolution of the atherosclerotic substrate. Flow-mediated dilatation testing provides an integrated vascular measure that may aid the prediction of structural disease evolution and represents a potential short-to intermediate-term outcome measure for evaluation of preventive treatment strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Endothelial Function Predicts Progression of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness

Halcox

Donald²,

Ellins³

et al. 2009

Circulation

288

205

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“…Negative social interactions seem to be a stronger cause of psychological distress than low social support (Lackner et al, 2013) and seem to have a stronger effect than positive interactions on physical health because they elicit negative emotions, which in turn release physiological effects (De Vogli, Chandola, & Marmot, 2007 Whilst some studies have reported that individuals with IBS tend to use less active coping strategies (Knowles et al, 2016) and more emotion oriented coping (Drossman et al, 2000) compared to controls, Phillips and colleagues (2013) concluded that people with IBS seek more instrumental support and implement more problem solving. Though the findings of this qualitative study supported the key role of bottling up and emotional avoidance, participants across the three groups still reported the use of active coping strategies, which were sometimes associated with a positive self-concept.…”

Section: Bottling Up and Emotional Avoidance Vs Active Coping Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of high expectations of self and social desirability in emotional processing in individuals with irritable bowel syndrome: A qualitative study

Sibelli

Chalder

Everitt

et al. 2017

British J Health Psychol

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ObjectivesAlthough high levels of distress are associated with the onset and severity of IBS, it is unclear how this relates to emotional processing, particularly in relation to maintenance of symptoms and treatment outcome. This qualitative study embedded within a randomised controlled trial aimed to explore how individuals with refractory IBS experience, express and manage their emotions after either therapist-delivered Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (TCBT) or webbased CBT (WBCBT) compared to Treatment as Usual (TAU). DesignCross-sectional qualitative study. MethodsFifty two semi-structured interviews were conducted at post-treatment with 17 TCBT participants, 17 WBCBT and 18 TAU. The transcripts were analysed using inductive thematic analysis with grounded theory elements. NVivo 11 was used to compare themes across groups. ResultsAcross all groups, high expectations of self was a recurring reason for how participants experienced and expressed their emotions. Three themes with sub-themes captured how high expectations related to specific aspects of emotional processing: perceived causes of Running head: EMOTIONAL PROCESSING IN IBS 2 emotions, strategies for coping with emotions (bottling up, avoiding emotions and active coping strategies) and the perceived interplay between emotions and IBS symptoms. ConclusionsPatients recognised that their IBS symptoms both triggered and were triggered by negative emotions. However, there was a tendency to bottle up or avoid negative emotions for reasons of social desirability regardless of whether patients had CBT for IBS or not. Future psychological interventions in IBS may benefit from addressing negative beliefs about expressing emotions, promoting assertive emotional expression and encouraging the experience of positive emotions.

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“…Psychosocial stress. High emotional stress, loneliness, and social isolation are associated with atrial and ventricular arrhythmias [66], left ventricular dysfunction, myocardial ischemia [67], recurrent myocardial infarction [68], and increased risk of cardiac death [69], as well as other cardiac abnormalities. Likewise, personality traits such as cynical hostility [70], and emotional states such as depression [71] and anxiety [72], are linked to increased risk of CVD and worse prognosis.…”

Section: Cardiovascular Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Religion, spirituality and cardiovascular disease: research, clinical implications, and opportunities in Brazil

Lucchese¹,

Koenig

2013

Revista Brasileira De Cirurgia Cardiovascular

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In this paper we comprehensively review published quantitative research on the relationship between religion, spirituality (R/S), and cardiovascular (CV) disease, discuss mechanisms that help explain the associations reported, examine the clinical implications of those findings, and explore future research needed in Brazil on this topic. First, we define the terms religion, spirituality, and secular humanism. Next, we review research examining the relationships between R/S and CV risk factors (smoking, alcohol/drug use, physical inactivity, poor diet, cholesterol, obesity, diabetes, blood pressure, and psychosocial stress). We then review research on R/S, cardiovascular functions (CV reactivity, heart rate variability, etc.), and inflammatory markers (IL-6, IFN-γ, CRP, fibrinogen, IL-4, IL-10). Next we examine research on R/S and coronary artery disease, hypertension, stroke, dementia, cardiac surgery outcomes, and mortality (CV mortality in particular). We then discuss mechanisms that help explain these relationships (focusing on psychological, social, and behavioral pathways) and present a theoretical causal model based on a Western religious perspective. Next we discuss the clinical applications of the research, and make practical suggestions on how cardiologists and cardiac surgeons can sensitively and sensibly address spiritual issues in clinical practice. Finally, we explore opportunities for future research. No research on R/S and cardiovascular disease has yet been published from Brazil, despite the tremendous interest and involvement of the population in R/S, making this an area of almost unlimited possibilities for researchers in Brazil.

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Negative Aspects of Close Relationships and Heart Disease

Cited by 164 publications

References 40 publications

Endothelial Function Predicts Progression of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness

Endothelial Function Predicts Progression of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness

The role of high expectations of self and social desirability in emotional processing in individuals with irritable bowel syndrome: A qualitative study

Religion, spirituality and cardiovascular disease: research, clinical implications, and opportunities in Brazil

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