Negative frequency-dependent selection on polymorphic color morphs in adders

Madsen, Thomas; Stille, Bo; Újvári, Beáta; Bauwens, Dirk; Endler, John A.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2022.05.060

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…For example, Bury et al [ 168 ] found a negative correlation between melanistic individuals of N. natrix and bioclimatic variables such as spring and winter temperatures. Nevertheless, harder-to-detect selective forces have been shown to influence the intrapopulation abundance of melanistic snakes [ 179 ]. Data density represents a crucial factor for the reliability of PCA analysis [ 180 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Endangered Sardinian Grass Snake: Distribution Update, Bioclimatic Niche Modelling, Dorsal Pattern Characterisation, and Literature Review

Di Nicola,

Pozzi,

Mezzadri

et al. 2023

Life

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The Sardinian grass snake, Natrix helvetica cetti, is an endangered endemic snake subspecies with a restricted and highly fragmented geographic distribution. Information on its ecology and detailed geographic distribution are scarce and may negatively impact on its conservation status. Therefore, a literature review on its taxonomy, morphology, ecology, and conservation is presented here. Moreover, field records from the authors, citizen science and the existing literature provide an updated geographic distribution highlighting its presence within 13 new and 7 historic 10 × 10 km cells. Bioclimatic niche modelling was then applied to explore patterns of habitat suitability and phenotypic variation within N. h. cetti. The geographic distribution of the species was found to be positively correlated with altitude and precipitation values, whereas temperature showed a negative correlation. Taken together, these outcomes may explain the snake’s presence, particularly in eastern Sardinia. In addition, analysis of distribution overlap with the competing viperine snake (N. maura) and the urodeles as possible overlooked trophic resources (Speleomantes spp. and Euproctus platycephalus) showed overlaps of 66% and 79%, respectively. Finally, geographical or bioclimatic correlations did not explain phenotypic variation patterns observed in this highly polymorphic taxon. Perspectives on future research to investigate N. h. cetti’s decline and support effective conservation measures are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Endangered Sardinian Grass Snake: Distribution Update, Bioclimatic Niche Modelling, Dorsal Pattern Characterisation, and Literature Review

Di Nicola,

Pozzi,

Mezzadri

et al. 2023

Life

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“…Thus, we focus here first on testing for repeatable fluctuations in color-pattern morphs, but return to melanism later in this study when considering longer (i.e., phylogenetic) time scales. Past work documented changes in color-pattern morph frequencies that were highly predictable due to NFDS (i.e., a fitness advantage to rare forms) 36 , a process also likely acting in snails 39 , snakes 40 , damselflies 41 and cichlids 42 , and demonstrated experimentally in guppies 43,44 and stickleback fish 45 . In Timema, this likely occurs due to birds switching search images to hunt for common prey.…”

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confidence: 95%

Evolution repeats itself in replicate long-term studies in the wild

Gompert,

Nosil,

de Carvalho

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The extent to which evolution is repeatable is central to understanding the role of determinism and chance in the history of life, with implications for basic and applied science 1–5. Real-time studies of evolutionary dynamics in replicated laboratory populations have revealed repeatable evolution by natural selection, but also a role for chance mutation 6–11. In contrast to the laboratory, replicated, long-term studies of real-time evolution in the wild are rare. Such studies are required to help establish general principles of evolution and to compliment those based on the fossil record5, but are challenging to implement because time cannot simply be sped up with more effort. Here we demonstrate repeatable evolutionary changes in the frequency of cryptic color-pattern morphs of a stick-insect, using three decades of field data and 10 replicate studies that each study span at least a decade. We find predictable ‘up-and-down’ fluctuations in stripe frequency in all populations and demonstrate experimentally that these involve negative frequency-dependent selection (NFDS). Adding complexity, these fluctuations rely on demographic and selective variability that pushes populations away from equilibrium, such that they reliably move back towards it via NFDS. Finally, we show with genomic analyses that contingency in which mutations arise also affects crypsis at larger temporal and phylogenetic scales. Thus, evolution from existing variation is repeatable, but mutation adds complexity even for traits evolving deterministically under natural selection. The findings highlight how evolution can be better understood by the joint effects of selection and mutation than by either process in isolation.

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“…Polymorphisms, or variation among individuals of the same species, provide rare windows into the process of adaptation and speciation (Allison, 1961; Igić et al, 2008; Martin et al, 2013; Comeault et al, 2015). Polymorphisms among individuals in a population or among populations of a single species, are omnipresent across the tree of life (McKinnon & Pierotti, 2010; McLean & Stuart-Fox, 2014) and can be maintained by a diversity of forces including negative frequency-dependent selection (Madsen et al, 2022), heterozygote advantage (Sirugo et al, 2014), genetic drift (Wright, 1943, but see Schemske & Bierzychudek, 2007), gene flow (Martin et al, 2013) and spatially or temporally variable selection (Svensson, 2017). Some polymorphisms are phylogenetically dispersed (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can a flower color ancestral polymorphism transcend speciation?

Sánchez-Cabrera,

Narbona,

Arista

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Polymorphisms are common in nature, but they are rarely shared among related species. They could originate through convergence, ancestral polymorphism, or introgression. Although shared neutral genomic variation is commonplace, very few examples of shared functional traits exist. The blue-orange petal colors polymorphisms in two closely related species,Lysimachia monelliandL. arvensiswere investigated with UV- vis reflectance spectra, flavonoid biochemistry, and transcriptome comparisons followed by climate niche analysis. The similarities in reflectance spectra, biochemistry, and transcriptomes suggest a single shift from blue-to-orange shared by both lineages is possible. Transcriptome comparisons reveal two orange-specific genes are directly involved in both blue-orange color polymorphisms:DFR-2specificity redirects flux from the malvidin to the pelargonidin whileBZ1-2stabilizes it with glucose, producing the orange pelargonidin 3-glucoside. The climate niches for each color morph are the same between the two species for three temperature characteristics but differ for four precipitation variables. We suggest that this persistent flower color polymorphism may represent an ancestrally polymorphic trait that has transcended speciation with some unique ecological effects.

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Negative frequency-dependent selection on polymorphic color morphs in adders

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

The Endangered Sardinian Grass Snake: Distribution Update, Bioclimatic Niche Modelling, Dorsal Pattern Characterisation, and Literature Review

The Endangered Sardinian Grass Snake: Distribution Update, Bioclimatic Niche Modelling, Dorsal Pattern Characterisation, and Literature Review

Evolution repeats itself in replicate long-term studies in the wild

Can a flower color ancestral polymorphism transcend speciation?

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