Negative impact of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection on the efficacy of classical swine fever vaccine

Suradhat, Sanipa; Kesdangsakonwut, Sawang; Sada, W.; Buranapraditkun, Supranee; Wongsawang, S.; Thanawongnuwech, R.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.12.010

Cited by 54 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…PRRSV infection at the time of classical swine fever virus vaccination significantly inhibited the host immune response and resulted in vaccination failure after subsequent exposure to classical swine fever virus (7,43). For pseudorabies virus vaccination, although PRRSV infection affected the duration of the T-lymphocyte response, it did not inhibit the efficacy of the vaccine, which was capable of inducing protective immunity (7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infection at the Time of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Vaccination Has No Impact on Vaccine Efficacy

Sinha

Shen

Schalk

et al. 2010

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Several porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccines are now commercially available and have been shown to be effective at decreasing the occurrence of porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD). Many herds are coinfected with PCV2 and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Some producers and veterinarians are concerned that if pigs are vaccinated for PCV2 at or near the time that they are typically infected with PRRSV, the efficacy of the PCV2 vaccine will be compromised. The impact of PRRSV on PCV2 vaccination is unclear and has not been investigated under controlled conditions. The objective of the present study was to determine whether the presence of PRRSV viremia has an effect on the efficacy of commercial PCV2 vaccinations. Three-week-old PCV2-negative conventional pigs with passively derived anti-PCV2 antibodies were either vaccinated with one of three commercial PCV2 vaccines or left nonvaccinated. A portion of the pigs were infected with PRRSV 1 week prior to PCV2 vaccination. To determine vaccine efficacy, a PCV2 challenge was conducted at 8 weeks of age. PCV2 vaccination, regardless of PRRSV infection status at the time of vaccination, was similarly effective in inducing an anti-PCV2 IgG response in the presence of maternally derived immunity and in protecting the pigs from PCV2 challenge, as determined by a reduction in the level of PCV2 viremia and a reduction in the prevalence and amount of PCV2 antigen in lymphoid tissues in vaccinated pigs compared to nonvaccinated pigs. The results indicate that acute PRRSV infection at the time of PCV2 vaccination has no adverse effect on PCV2 vaccine efficacy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infection at the Time of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Vaccination Has No Impact on Vaccine Efficacy

Sinha

Shen

Schalk

et al. 2010

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…All studies were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of the NADC. Groups of 3-5 piglets from the same litter were maintained germfree and treated one of three ways: 1) inoculated intranasally with 10 4 TCID 50 PRRSV (where TCID 50 is 50% tissue culture-infective dose); 2) inoculated intranasally with 10 4 TCID 50 SIV; or 3) given a sham inoculum. All inoculations took place on day 7 (0 days postinoculation (dpi)).…”

Section: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Subverts Repertoire Development by Proliferation of Germline-Encoded B Cells of All Isotypes Bearing Hydrophobic Heavy Chain CDR3

Butler

Wertz

Weber

et al. 2008

The Journal of Immunology

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Isolator piglets infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), which is related to the lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus of mice, develop severe hypergammaglobulinemia, lymph node adenopathy, and autoimmune disease. Many of the polyclonally activated B cell clones bear hydrophobic H chain CDR3s (HCDR3s) and are disseminated to most lymphoid tissues. We show in this study that B cells with identical hydrophobic HCDR3s are expressed with all major isotypes in PRRSV-infected piglets (PIPs), explaining why PRRSV-induced hypergammaglobulinemia is seen in all major isotypes. Up to one-third of randomly selected VDJ clones from the respiratory tract of PIPs have hydrophobic HCDR3s exclusively bearing VDJ rearrangements with CDR1, CDR2, and nearly intact DH segments in germline configuration. These HCDR3s are long and DHA and DHB are exclusively used in reading frame 3. A minimal tripeptide motif containing three hydrophobic amino acids (Leu, Val, and Ile) or any two plus alanine is common to this hydrophobic patch. We propose that PRRSV infection causes generalized Ag-independent B cell activation and hypergammaglobulinemia with biased expansion of a subpopulation of the preimmune repertoire with hydrophobic binding sites that normally disappears during Ag-driven repertoire diversification. Elevated Ig levels in PIP cannot be explained as antiviral Abs; some Igs can account for autoantibodies to dsDNA and Golgi, whereas those with hydrophobic binding sites may account for the Ig aggregates seen in PIPs and lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus-infected mice. This diversion from normal repertoire development may explain the delayed immune response to PRRSV.

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“…The control of CSF is based on stamping out policies and/or on vaccination. However, failed immunization against CSF has been reported, mainly due to interference from maternal antibodies and other infections [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of nucleic acid of classical swine fever virus by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP)

Wongsawat¹,

Dharaku²,

Narat³

et al. 2011

Health

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Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is the causative agent of Classical swine fever which is a highly contagious disease affecting swine and resulting in severe economic losses. In this study, we developed reverse transcription loopmediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay targeting the 5'UTR gene for the detection of CSFV. This amplification method can be obtained in 1 h under isothermal conditions (65°C) employing a set of six specific primers mixtures. Amplification product was visualized by using hydroxynaphthol blue (HNB) dye and agarose gel electrophoresis. The sensitivity was 100 copy numbers. No cross-reactivity related to Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PR-RSV) was demonstrated. The results demonstrated that the RT-LAMP assay is a useful tool for the rapid and sensitive for CSFV detection in swine.

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Negative impact of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection on the efficacy of classical swine fever vaccine

Cited by 54 publications

References 38 publications

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infection at the Time of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Vaccination Has No Impact on Vaccine Efficacy

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infection at the Time of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Vaccination Has No Impact on Vaccine Efficacy

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Subverts Repertoire Development by Proliferation of Germline-Encoded B Cells of All Isotypes Bearing Hydrophobic Heavy Chain CDR3

Detection of nucleic acid of classical swine fever virus by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP)

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