Negative mood affects the expression of negative but not positive emotions in mice

Clarkson, Jasmine M.; Leach, Matthew C.; Flecknell, Paul; Rowe, Candy

doi:10.1098/rspb.2020.1636

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(154 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, it would be worth considering how underlying mood states affect changes in facial expressions when confronted with short-term stimuli and thus the interaction between longer-term mood and shorter-term emotional states. This suggestion is in line with the results from a recent study by Clarkson et al ( 45 ), who investigated the interplay between mood and emotions and found that negative mood affected the expression of negative but not positive emotion in mice. It would therefore be valuable to assess changes in response to positive and negative short-term stimuli in addition to the implementation of a mood-inducing treatment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Using the Judgment Bias Task to Identify Behavioral Indicators of Affective State: Do Eye Wrinkles in Horses Reflect Mood?

Hintze

Schanz

2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Identifying and validating behavioral indicators of mood are important for the assessment of animal welfare. Here, we investigated whether horses' eye wrinkle expression in a presumably neutral situation is a measure of mood as assessed in a cognitive judgment bias task (JBT). To this end, we scored pictures of the left and right eyes of 16 stallions for different aspects of eye wrinkle expression and tested the same individuals on a spatial JBT with active trial initiation. Eye wrinkle expressions were assessed by a qualitative assessment, i.e., the overall assessment of how “worried” horses look, the number of wrinkles, and the angle measured at the intersection of lines drawn through the eyeball and the topmost wrinkle. Correlations between the three eye wrinkle measures and the optimism index as a measure of horses' decisions in the JBT were not statistically significant, but with increasing optimism index, horses tended to be scored as looking less worried (qualitative assessment). We discuss our findings from different perspectives and make suggestions for future research, e.g., by calling for experimental induction of mood and thus greater variation within and/or between individuals and by investigating the interplay between shorter-lasting emotional and longer-lasting mood states to further explore the potential use of the JBT to validate eye wrinkles and other facial or body expressions as indicators of mood.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Using the Judgment Bias Task to Identify Behavioral Indicators of Affective State: Do Eye Wrinkles in Horses Reflect Mood?

Hintze

Schanz

2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…In view of the importance of positive affective states to positive welfare (Lawrence et al, 2019) this question has important implications for the welfare of free ranging cattle at pasture as well as within the infrastructure of handling facilities and feedlots. Evidence in mice indicates that negative affective states have a cumulative effect that decreases resilience to subsequent aversive events (Clarkson et al, 2020). A tendency toward negative affectivity in flighty cattle would provide an additional limit to their suitability for participation in the animal domestication niche of modern animal production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adrenergic Tone as an Intermediary in the Temperament Syndrome Associated With Flight Speed in Beef Cattle

Colditz

2021

Front. Anim. Sci.

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The temperament of farm animals can influence their resilience to everyday variations within the managed production environment and has been under strong direct and indirect selection during the course of domestication. A prominent objective measure used for assessing temperament in beef cattle is the behavioral flight response to release from confinement in a crush or chute. This behavioral measure, termed flight speed (also known as escape velocity) is associated with physiological processes including body temperature, feeding behavior, growth rate, carcass composition, immune function, and health outcomes. This review examines the functional links between this suite of traits and adrenergic activity of the sympathetic nervous system and the adrenomedullary hormonal system. It is suggested that flight speed is the behavioral aspect of an underlying “flightiness” temperament syndrome, and that elevated adrenergic tone in animals with a high level of flightiness (i.e., flighty animals) tunes physiological activities toward a sustained “fight or flight” defense profile that reduces productivity and the capacity to flourish within the production environment. Nonetheless, despite a common influence of adrenergic tone on this suite of traits, variation in each trait is also influenced by other regulatory pathways and by the capacity of tissues to respond to a range of modulators in addition to adrenergic stimuli. It is suggested that tuning by adrenergic tone is an example of homeorhetic regulation that can help account for the persistent expression of behavioral and somatic traits associated with the flight speed temperament syndrome across the life of the animal. At a population level, temperament may modulate ecological fit within and across generations in the face of environmental variability and change. Associations of flight speed with the psychological affective state of the animal, and implications for welfare are also considered. The review will help advance understanding of the developmental biology and physiological regulation of temperament syndromes.

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“…The more sustained “disappointment” of traumatized female mice suggested that they were less resilient towards negative emotions. They behaved similarly to mice that experienced affective states like depression and anxiety [ 28 ]. This finding was interesting in view of the fact that post-TBI women show more severe post-concussion symptoms, depression, and anxiety [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amelioration of Cognitive and Behavioral Deficits after Traumatic Brain Injury in Coagulation Factor XII Deficient Mice

Stetter

Lopez-Caperuchipi

Hopp-Krämer

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Based on recent findings that show that depletion of factor XII (FXII) leads to better posttraumatic neurological recovery, we studied the effect of FXII-deficiency on post-traumatic cognitive and behavioral outcomes in female and male mice. In agreement with our previous findings, neurological deficits on day 7 after weight-drop traumatic brain injury (TBI) were significantly reduced in FXII−/− mice compared to wild type (WT) mice. Also, glycoprotein Ib (GPIb)-positive platelet aggregates were more frequent in brain microvasculature of WT than FXII−/− mice 3 months after TBI. Six weeks after TBI, memory for novel object was significantly reduced in both female and male WT but not in FXII−/− mice compared to sham-operated mice. In the setting of automated home-cage monitoring of socially housed mice in IntelliCages, female WT mice but not FXII−/− mice showed decreased exploration and reacted negatively to reward extinction one month after TBI. Since neuroendocrine stress after TBI might contribute to trauma-induced cognitive dysfunction and negative emotional contrast reactions, we measured peripheral corticosterone levels and the ration of heart, lung, and spleen weight to bodyweight. Three months after TBI, plasma corticosterone levels were significantly suppressed in both female and male WT but not in FXII−/− mice, while the relative heart weight increased in males but not in females of both phenotypes when compared to sham-operated mice. Our results indicate that FXII deficiency is associated with efficient post-traumatic behavioral and neuroendocrine recovery.

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Negative mood affects the expression of negative but not positive emotions in mice

Cited by 13 publications

References 62 publications

Using the Judgment Bias Task to Identify Behavioral Indicators of Affective State: Do Eye Wrinkles in Horses Reflect Mood?

Using the Judgment Bias Task to Identify Behavioral Indicators of Affective State: Do Eye Wrinkles in Horses Reflect Mood?

Adrenergic Tone as an Intermediary in the Temperament Syndrome Associated With Flight Speed in Beef Cattle

Amelioration of Cognitive and Behavioral Deficits after Traumatic Brain Injury in Coagulation Factor XII Deficient Mice

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