Negative Pore Water Pressure in Aquitard Enhances Land Subsidence: Field, Laboratory, and Numerical Evidence

Liu, Chun; Shi, Bin; Gu, Kai; Zhang, Tiansheng; Tang, Chao‐Sheng; Wang, Yue; Liu, Suping

doi:10.1029/2021wr030085

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In addition, many scholars in soil mechanics and hydrogeology have studied the consolidation and deformation of clay layers (Chen et al, 2021;Liu et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2021). Xie and Leo, (2004) derived a completely explicit analytical solution for one-dimensional large-strain consolidation in thick and thin soil layers and compared it with the classical small-strain theory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of hydraulic parameters of non-linear consolidation clay layers by type curve method

Wang

Li²,

Xu³

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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The consolidation of clay layers is of great significance for groundwater environmental protection, groundwater storage utilization, and land subsidence. In this study, the governing equation for the excess pore water pressure during the non-linear consolidation process of clay layers under load conditions is obtained based on the one-dimensional non-linear consolidation theory. Analytical solutions are then derived for clay layers with single or double drainage caused by the dissipation of the excess pore water pressure. With these analytical solutions, the groundwater dynamics and deformation of the clay layer are analyzed. Correspondingly, a type curve method is proposed to calculate the hydraulic parameters of the clay layer through laboratory experiments, which verifies the reliability of the analytical solutions. The study results show that the deformation of the clay layer predicted by the non-linear consolidation theory is smaller than that predicted by the linear consolidation theory. The deformation of the clay layer increases with the increase in the thickness of the clay layer, the compressive index, and the overburden load, while it decreases with the increase in the initial void ratio and the initial effective stress. The stable time, at which the consolidation of the clay layer is completed, increases with the increase in the compression index and the thickness of the clay layer, while it decreases with the increase in the initial void ratio, the initial effective stress, and the initial hydraulic conductivity. It does not vary with the load pressure. Conclusively, the deformation prediction based on the non-linear consolidation theory is more accurate and applicable to further load pressures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of hydraulic parameters of non-linear consolidation clay layers by type curve method

Wang

Li²,

Xu³

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to low hydraulic conductivity and nonnegligible specific storage, water release from aquitards and its deformation always lag behind the drawdown in adjacent confined aquifers (Bakr, 2015;Liu et al, 2022;Ye et al, 2016). Zhou et al (2013) studied the groundwater dynamics and water balance of an aquitard, while the drawdown was a constant amount in an adjacent confined aquifer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analytical Method to Estimate Groundwater Depletion of an Aquitard Due To Variable Drawdowns in Adjacent Aquifers

Xiao

et al. 2023

Water Resources Research

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Groundwater is generally overexploited over the world due to the increasing demand for water resources, and it has brought a series of environmental problems, including the decline of groundwater levels, land subsidence (Li et al., 2021;Shi et al., 2007Shi et al., , 2008, and sea level rise (Konikow & Kendy, 2005). A multilayered aquifer system in the sedimentary plain area, such as the Dakota aquifer system in the United States and the Yangtze Delta in China (Guo & Li, 2015;Ye et al., 2016), usually consists of multiple aquifers with alternating aquitards in between (Zhuang et al., 2015). Water stored in aquitards is a significant source of water from pumped aquifers, and aquitards tend to have higher specific storage than confined aquifers (Liu et al., 2022;Zhang, He, et al., 2020). Meanwhile, aquitard storage is difficult to recover and could often be the primary source of groundwater released from the storage of aquifer systems (Shi et al., 2008). Consequently, the accurate calculation of groundwater depletion in aquitards is essential for the effective management of groundwater resources, and it would help to estimate the global transfer of groundwater to surface water (Konikow & Neuzil, 2007).Due to low hydraulic conductivity and nonnegligible specific storage, water release from aquitards and its deformation always lag behind the drawdown in adjacent confined aquifers (Bakr, 2015;Liu et al., 2022;Ye et al., 2016). Zhou et al. (2013) studied the groundwater dynamics and water balance of an aquitard, while the drawdown was a constant amount in an adjacent confined aquifer. The hydraulic head in aquifers lying above or under the aquitard usually decreased with increasing groundwater extraction (Custodio, 2002), Neuman and Gardner (1989) presented convolution integrals for calculating the drawdown in the aquitard under the condition of water table fluctuation. A widely applicable method was proposed to estimate the groundwater depletion of the aquitard in the entire or limited period of exploitation history, especially when the data on drawdown history is sufficient (Li & Zhou, 2015;Li et al., 2017). Konikow and Neuzil (2007) presented a simplified method to estimate the groundwater depletion from the confining layers in response to withdrawals from adjacent aquifers. Alternatively, given the same information, a well-calibrated, numerical simulation model (i.e., three-dimensional

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“…A multi-layered aquifer system in the sedimentary plain area, such as the Dakota aquifer system in the United States and the Yangtze Delta in China (Guo & Li, 2015;Ye et al, 2016), usually consists of multiple aquifers with alternating aquitards in between (Zhuang et al, 2015). Water stored in aquitards is a significant source of pumped aquifers, and it tends to be more storable than confined aquifers (Liu et al, 2022;Zhang et al, 2020a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to low hydraulic conductivity and non-negligible specific storage, water release from aquitards and its deformation always lag behind the drawdown in adjacent confined aquifers (Bakr, 2015;Liu et al, 2022;Ye et al, 2016). Zhou et al (2013) studied the groundwater dynamics and water balance of an aquitard, while the drawdown was a constant amount in an adjacent confined aquifer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analytical method to estimate groundwater depletion of an aquitard due to variable drawdowns in adjacent aquifers

Xiao

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Computing aquitard depletion, which is often overlooked, is of great significance for the assessment of groundwater resources and land subsidence. The issue is viewed as troublesome because of the additional computational burden, the poorly known hydrogeological parameters of the aquitard, and the lack of drawdown history in pumped aquifers. In this study, an analytical solution is derived to describe the drawdown variation in a nonlinear-consolidated aquitard under the condition of variable drawdowns in adjacent aquifers. Based on the analytical solution, we study the characteristics of groundwater dynamics and water balance under the conditions of linearly increasing drawdown of aquifers in adjacent aquifers. In addition, we put forward a method to calculate the depletion and hydrogeological parameters of an aquitard corresponding to variable drawdowns in adjacent aquifers, applicable even when historical drawdown data are lacking. The accuracy of the method is generally very good, but results improve when the drawdown history of pumped aquifers is divided into more periods for estimation. Under the condition of linear drawdown in adjacent aquifers, groundwater depletion and maximum water release rate of the aquitard increases with increasing compression index, coefficient of consolidation, aquitard thickness, rate of drawdown change in the adjacent aquifer, while decreasing with initial void ratio, and initial effective stress. The proposed approach is demonstrated at a field site in Shanghai City of China, and it would help for the effective management of groundwater resources and estimation of the global transfer from groundwater to surface water.

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Negative Pore Water Pressure in Aquitard Enhances Land Subsidence: Field, Laboratory, and Numerical Evidence

Cited by 19 publications

References 51 publications

Determination of hydraulic parameters of non-linear consolidation clay layers by type curve method

Determination of hydraulic parameters of non-linear consolidation clay layers by type curve method

An Analytical Method to Estimate Groundwater Depletion of an Aquitard Due To Variable Drawdowns in Adjacent Aquifers

An analytical method to estimate groundwater depletion of an aquitard due to variable drawdowns in adjacent aquifers

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