Negative Refraction at Infrared Wavelengths in a Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystal

Berrier, Audrey; Mulot, M.; Świłło, Marcin; Qiu, Min; Thylén, Lars; Talneau, A.; Anand, Srinivasan

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.93.073902

Cited by 343 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The negative refraction effect in photonic crystals at the frequencies close to the band-gap edges was reported by Notomi in [13,14] and the sub-wavelength imaging using flat lenses formed by photonic crystals was demonstrated both theoretically [15,16,17,18,19] and experimentally [20,21]. Unfortunately, the resolution of such lenses is strictly limited by period of the crystal.…”

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Subwavelength imaging at optical frequencies using a transmission device formed by a periodic layered metal-dielectric structure operating in the canalization regime

2006

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Imaging with sub-wavelength resolution using a lens formed by periodic metal-dielectric layered structure is demonstrated. The lens operates in canalization regime as a transmission device and it does not involve negative refraction and amplification of evanescent modes. The thickness of the lens have to be an integer number of half-wavelengths and can be made as large as required for ceratin applications, in contrast to the other sub-wavelength lenses formed by metallic slabs which have to be much smaller than the wavelength. Resolution of λ/20 at 600 nm wavelength is confirmed by numerical simulation for a 300 nm thick structure formed by a periodic stack of 10 nm layers of glass with ǫ = 2 and 5 nm layers of metal-dielectric composite with ǫ = −1. Resolution of λ/60 is predicted for a structure with same thickness, period and operating frequency, but formed by 7.76 nm layers of silicon with ε = 15 and 7.24 nm layers of silver with ε = −14.PACS numbers: 78.20. Ci, 42.30.Wb,41.20.Jb The possibility of imaging with sub-wavelength resolution was first reported by Pendry in 2000 [1]. It was shown that the slab of left-handed material [2], a medium with both negative permittivity and permeability, can create images with nearly unlimited resolution. This idea impeached validity of classical restriction on resolution of imaging systems: diffraction limit and became a starting point for creation of new research area of metamaterials [3], artificial media possessing extraordinary electromagnetic properties usually not available in the natural materials. The idea of Pendry's perfect lens is based on such exotic phenomena observable in left-handed media as backward waves, negative refraction and amplification of evanescent waves. The far-field of a source is focused due to effects of backward waves and negative refraction. The near field of the source, which contains sub-wavelength details, is recovered in the image plane because of the amplification of evanescent modes in the slab. Currently, the samples of left-handed materials are created only in microwave region [4]. The creation of lefthanded materials at THz frequencies and in optical range meets with problems related to the difficulty in getting required magnetic properties [5,6] which have to be created artificially. In the absence of magnetic properties the lenses formed by materials with negative permittivity only (for example, silver at optical frequencies) are still capable to create images with sub-wavelength resolution, but the operation is restricted to p-polarization only and the lens has to be thin as compared to the wavelength [1]. This idea was confirmed by recent experimental results [7] which demonstrated the reality of sub-wavelength imaging using silver slabs in optical frequency range. The resolution of such lenses is restricted by losses in the silver, but this problem can be alleviated by cutting the slab into the multiple thin layers [8,9] and introduction of active materials [10]. Unfortunately, at the moment there is no recipe how to incre...

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Subwavelength imaging at optical frequencies using a transmission device formed by a periodic layered metal-dielectric structure operating in the canalization regime

2006

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“…Phys. 118, 075103 (2015) features of the ultrafast modulated heat conduction in very thin layers, as discussed by Berrier et al, 38 and the references therein. Table I.…”

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confidence: 63%

Steady state and modulated heat conduction in layered systems predicted by the analytical solution of the phonon Boltzmann transport equation

Ordoñez-Miranda

Yang

Volz

et al. 2015

Journal of Applied Physics

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Based on the phonon Boltzmann transport equation under the relaxation time approximation, analytical expressions for the temperature profiles of both the steady state and modulated heat conduction inside a thin film deposited on a substrate are derived and analyzed. It is shown that these components of the temperature depend strongly on the ratio between the film thickness and the average phonon mean free path (MFP), and they exhibit the diffusive behavior as predicted by the Fourier's law of heat conduction when this ratio is much larger than unity. In contrast, in the ballistic regime when this ratio is comparable to or smaller than unity, the steady-state temperature tends to be independent of position, while the amplitude and the phase of the modulated temperature appear to be lower than those determined by the Fourier's law. Furthermore, we derive an invariant of heat conduction and a simple formula for the cross-plane thermal conductivity of dielectric thin films, which could be a useful guide for understanding and optimizing the thermal performance of the layered systems. This work represents the Boltzmann transport equation-based extension of the Rosencwaig and Gersho work [J. Appl. Phys. 47, 64 (1976)], which is based on the Fourier's law and has widely been used as the theoretical framework for the development of photoacoustic and photothermal techniques. This work might shed some light on developing a theoretical basis for the determination of the phonon MFP and relaxation time using ultrafast laserbased transient heating techniques.

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“…But at the optical region, it seems very difficult to make such metallic structures. However, in optical region, it has been shown that two-dimensional photonic crystals (2D PC) can act as effective media with a negative effective refractive index in some frequency regions if being properly designed [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Luo et al [8] have studied all-angle negative refraction (AANR) effect in 2D PC that does not employ a negative effective index of refraction.…”

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confidence: 99%

Super-Resolution Imaging of the Graded Photonic Crystal With Negative Refraction

Liu¹,

Yun

Xia³

et al. 2012

PIER M

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Abstract-In this paper, super-resolution imaging and negative refraction by a two-dimensional (2D) triangular lattices graded photonic crystal (GPC) were studied. The graded photonic crystal (GPC) was obtained by varying the radius in each row so that its effective refractive index changes along the transverse direction. By using Plane Wave Expansion (PWE) method and Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method, we show that negative refraction and superlensing can be realized in the designed graded photonic crystal. Numerical simulations show that the photonic crystal structures and frequency have an impact on the resolution.

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Negative Refraction at Infrared Wavelengths in a Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystal

Cited by 343 publications

References 16 publications

Subwavelength imaging at optical frequencies using a transmission device formed by a periodic layered metal-dielectric structure operating in the canalization regime

Subwavelength imaging at optical frequencies using a transmission device formed by a periodic layered metal-dielectric structure operating in the canalization regime

Steady state and modulated heat conduction in layered systems predicted by the analytical solution of the phonon Boltzmann transport equation

Super-Resolution Imaging of the Graded Photonic Crystal With Negative Refraction

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