Neglected and at risk: bryophyte diaspore banks of coastal dune systems

Callaghan, Des A.; During, Heinjo J.; Forrest, Laura L.; Wilkinson, Karen

doi:10.1080/03736687.2020.1743561

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Increased atmospheric nitrogen deposition and changes in traditional grazing often have negative biodiversity impacts on ecosystems (During and Willems 1986;Stevens et al 2004;Vitousek et al 1997). Our work demonstrates the potential of the soil diaspore banks for the restoration of biodiversity (see also Callaghan et al 2020). Restorative grazing that disturbs topsoil via trampling can lead to recovery of local bryophyte assemblages from the soil diaspore bank (Takala et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…In the same way that soils contain seed banks of vascular plants, soils contain a diaspore bank composed of buried sexual spores or asexual propagules of bryophytes (During 1997(During , 2001. Diaspore banks have been found in topsoils of temperate grasslands (During and ter Horst 1983;Bisang 1996), coastal dunes (Callaghan et al 2020), boreal forests (Jonsson 1993;Rydgren and Hestmark 1997), mires (Sundberg and Rydin 2000;Vellak et al 2021), mountain rainforests (Bisang et al 2003), temperate ponds (Eckstein 2006) and subantarctic tundra (Bergstrom and Selkirk 1999). Diaspore banks integrate over temporal and spatial scales: diaspores can be dispersed locally or over long distances and then deposited in soils (Lewis Smith and Ochyra 2006) where they can survive for years or even decades to centuries (Bu et al 2017;Malta 1922;Vanderpoorten and Goffinet 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is the bryophyte soil diaspore bank buffered against nutrient enrichment and grazing exclusion?

et al. 2022

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Purpose Soil diaspore banks of bryophytes are poorly known in tundra grasslands, yet can be important for the maintenance of local bryophyte assemblages. We examined the effects of fertilization and grazing exclusion on above-ground bryophyte assemblages and soil diaspore banks in a tundra grassland. Methods We collected soil diaspore samples and recorded the cover of above-ground bryophytes from a full-factorial experiment with NPK fertilization and grazing exclusion treatments (a Nutrient Network site in NW Finland). Soil diaspore samples were germinated on trays in a greenhouse. We analyzed the compositions of diaspore bank assemblages and of above-ground assemblages and assessed their responses to the experimental treatments. Results The diaspore bank contained c. 50% of taxa found in above-ground assemblages; 26 bryophyte taxa germinated from the diaspore bank, while 40 taxa were found in the above-ground assemblages. These communities had distinct species compositions: the diaspore bank was dominated by Pohlia nutans, while above-ground assemblages were dominated by several species. NPK fertilization and grazing exclusion had negative effects on bryophyte richness and cover in above-ground assemblages, and weaker effects on these responses in the diaspore bank. Conclusion Soil diaspore banks comprise about half of the bryophyte taxa encountered in above-ground assemblages. Bryophyte diaspore banks are more buffered against nutrient enrichment and grazing exclusion than above-ground assemblages, suggesting that diaspore banks may enhance persistence and recovery of local bryophyte assemblages from environmental changes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the bryophyte soil diaspore bank buffered against nutrient enrichment and grazing exclusion?

et al. 2022

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“…Species in the diaspore bank have the advantage of being present immediately following disturbance and can rapidly colonise early in succession (Jonsson, 1993). The role of the diaspore bank has been studied across a range of habitats (Callaghan et al., 2020; Caners et al., 2009), including chalk grassland. For instance, During and ter Horst (1983) found that 37 species of bryophytes established from soil samples collected in Dutch chalk grassland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do plant traits influence primary succession patterns for bryophytes and vascular plants? Evidence from a 33‐year chronosequence on bare chalk

Ridding,

Hawes,

Walls

et al. 2023

Journal of Ecology

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During primary succession, the abundance of different species and their associated plant traits change over time. Understanding how plant traits linked to colonising and competitive abilities change through succession is important for determining whether community assembly can be predicted. Examining this across more than one taxon group can reveal if these patterns are generalisable. Here, we investigated primary succession on bare chalk for a chronosequence spanning 33 years for two different taxa, vascular plants and bryophytes. We examined how abundance changed through succession, and how this related to species' colonising and competitive abilities, using relevant plant traits for each taxa. A zero‐inflated beta regression model was used to investigate the effects of traits on both presence/absence and abundance‐when‐present of vascular plants and bryophytes. Vascular plants with a larger specific leaf area were more likely to occur later in succession. Vascular plants, which were hemicryptophytes, wind dispersing and had a lower canopy height, were more likely to increase in abundance‐when‐present during succession. Bryophytes with a larger spore diameter were more likely to occur later in succession. Shorter bryophytes with a greater frequency of sporophyte production had a higher abundance early in succession, representing their high colonising abilities. Whereas later in succession larger bryophytes, with a mat or weft life form and low sporophyte frequency were more abundant, indicating a shift towards greater competitive abilities. Synthesis. This study has revealed different patterns for vascular plants and bryophytes regarding colonisation and changes in abundance through succession, and the associated traits linked to colonising and competitive abilities. Although some traits were found to influence abundance through succession for vascular plants, these were often contrary to the expected pattern representing the change from colonising to competitive abilities, whereas for bryophytes, there was more evidence for this shift with successional age. This suggests that general theories on succession‐linked plant traits should not be relied upon in isolation for the prediction of community assembly. Context, particularly successional age in relation to the available species pool is also key.

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“…Diaspore banks allow many species of bryophyte to survive in a dormant state below ground and may be composed of spores, asexual propagules or fragments of the gametophyte (During 1997(During , 2001. Investigations involving germination trials have shown that a broad range of habitats around the world support a diverse reservoir of viable diaspores of bryophytes in their soils, for example including Antarctic fell fields, boreal forest, chalk grassland, coastal meadows, cultivated fields, dry tropical savanna, hot deserts, Mediterranean shrubland and woodland, tropical rain forest and various types of freshwater wetlands (Furness and Hall 1981;During and ter Horst 1983;During et al 1987;Leck and Simpson 1987;Smith 1987;Jonsson 1993;Poschlod 1993;Bisang 1996;Rydgren and Hestmark 1997;Bisang et al 2003;Eckstein 2006;During 2007;Caners et al 2009;Smith 2013;Ingerpuu and Sarv 2015;Malkowsky et al 2018;Callaghan et al 2020a). In fact, diaspore banks seem to be ubiquitous in soils wherever bryophytes occur and can be a critical aspect of the life strategy of some species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term survival of bryophytes underground: an investigation of the diaspore bank of Physcomitrium eurystomum Sendtn.

Callaghan¹,

During

Yang

2022

Journal of Bryology

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Introduction. Bryophyte diaspore banks are a critical aspect of the life strategy of some species yet remain neglected and poorly understood. This study investigated the longevity in natural habitat of the diaspore bank of Physcomitrium eurystomum Sendtn., a moss species that is threatened with extinction in Europe. Methods. Undisturbed soil cores of 40 cm depth were collected from Langmere, Norfolk, UK, and were split into investigated sediment layers of 1 cm depth. Dating of sediment layers was done by an analysis of radionuclides, and diaspore germination trials of each layer were carried out in a growth chamber. DNA barcoding was used to help identify plants that germinated. Key results and conclusions. Viable diaspores of Physcomitrium eurystomum frequently occurred in sediment layers that were at least 100 years old and continued to occur in much lower layers that were probably several hundred years old. The long-term survival of bryophytes underground can have important implications for conservation decisions.

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Neglected and at risk: bryophyte diaspore banks of coastal dune systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 45 publications

Is the bryophyte soil diaspore bank buffered against nutrient enrichment and grazing exclusion?

Is the bryophyte soil diaspore bank buffered against nutrient enrichment and grazing exclusion?

Do plant traits influence primary succession patterns for bryophytes and vascular plants? Evidence from a 33‐year chronosequence on bare chalk

Long-term survival of bryophytes underground: an investigation of the diaspore bank of Physcomitrium eurystomum Sendtn.

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