“…The literature attests to the effects of hopefulness and optimism on psychological and physical well-being (Anderson & Snyder, 1988;Elliott, Witty, Herrick, & Hoffman, 1991;Lewis & Kliewer, 1996;Nunn, Lewin, Walton, & Carr, 1996;Sherwin et al, 1992;Snyder, Harris, et al, 1991;Snyder, Irving, & Anderson, 1991). Moreover, research findings suggest that coping may be one of the possible pathways by which individual differences in hopefulness and optimism lead to the production of adaptive outcomes.…”