“…In terms of theoretical foundations, findings from this systematic review (Appendix 3 in supplemental material) were in line with the broader literature: Interaction Theory (Hung & Higgins, 2016;Lan et al, 2013;Renner, 2017), Social Constructivism (Cohen & Ezra, 2018;Tseng, Lin & Chen, 2018;Tseng et al, 2020) and Sociocultural Theory (Jin, 2013;Lai, 2017;Lan & Lin, 2016;Luo & Gui, 2021;Oakley et al, 2018;Thoms et al, 2017;Tseng et al, 2018;Wong et al, 2016;Zhang, 2019). The other theoretical frameworks addressed in CFL were: Byram's Intercultural Communicative Competence (Ruan & Medwell, 2020), Blended Learning (Huang & Lin, 2011;Qu & Hagley, 2021;Sugie & Mitsugi, 2014), Communicative Language Teaching (Li & Jiang, 2017;Xie, Chen & Ryder, 2021), Multiliteracies Theory (Zhang, 2016), Task-Based Language Teaching (Jiang & Li, 2018;Lai, Zhao & Wang, 2011) and Community of Inquiry (Wang et al, 2016).…”