“…According to Durrant, Vassallo, and Smith (2018), not accounting correctly for such multiple membership structures leads to biased results. Researchers can study HCM and MMMC indepth in Browne, Goldstein, and Rasbash (2001), Meyers and Beretvas (2006), Uyar and Brown (2007), Fávero (2011), Rabe-Hesketh and Skrondal (2012a, 2012b, Chung and Beretvas (2012), Brunton-Smith, Sturgis, and Leckie (2017), and Fávero, Serra, Santos, and Brunaldi (2018b.…”