Neighborhood income inequality, social capital and emotional distress among adolescents: A population‐based study

Vilhjalmsdottir, Arndis; Garðarsdóttir, Ragna B.; Bernburg, Jón Gunnar; Sigfúsdóttir, Inga Dóra

doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.06.004

Cited by 50 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…Of the four studies in adolescents only, three found a significant association between income inequality and depression (two in the regression 23,26 and one in bivariate analysis only 28 ). Of the five studies in older adults only, three found an association between income inequality and depression (two in regression 19,22 and one in bivariate analysis only 27 ), one found no association 30 , and one found a negative association 35 .…”

Section: Associations Between Income Inequality and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a similar vein, Walker et al 38 hypothesized feelings of withdrawal and shame experienced by those in lower social positions. The second neighbourhood mechanism is the social capital hypothesis, which argues that income inequality erodes social capital, including two key components: cognitive social capital (especially social trust) 26 and structural social capital (the organizational and structural arrangements which facilitate social interactions and build social trust and cooperation, for example through group membership) 39 . Figure 2 Forest plot of the association between income inequality and depression.…”

Section: Scoping Review Of Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies were conducted in specific populations: five in older persons only 19,22,27,30,35 ; four in adolescents only 7,23,26,28 ; one in students aged 17-30 years 25 ; and one in low-income nursing assistants 21 .…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Income inequality and depression: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the association and a scoping review of mechanisms

et al. 2018

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Most countries have witnessed a dramatic increase of income inequality in the past three decades. This paper addresses the question of whether income inequality is associated with the population prevalence of depression and, if so, the potential mechanisms and pathways which may explain this association. Our systematic review included 26 studies, mostly from high-income countries. Nearly two-thirds of all studies and five out of six longitudinal studies reported a statistically significant positive relationship between income inequality and risk of depression; only one study reported a statistically significant negative relationship. Twelve studies were included in a meta-analysis with dichotomized inequality groupings. The pooled risk ratio was 1.19 (95% CI: 1.07-1.31), demonstrating greater risk of depression in populations with higher income inequality relative to populations with lower inequality. Multiple studies reported subgroup effects, including greater impacts of income inequality among women and low-income populations. We propose an ecological framework, with mechanisms operating at the national level (the neo-material hypothesis), neighbourhood level (the social capital and the social comparison hypotheses) and individual level (psychological stress and social defeat hypotheses) to explain this association. We conclude that policy makers should actively promote actions to reduce income inequality, such as progressive taxation policies and a basic universal income. Mental health professionals should champion such policies, as well as promote the delivery of interventions which target the pathways and proximal determinants, such as building life skills in adolescents and provision of psychological therapies and packages of care with demonstrated effectiveness for settings of poverty and high income inequality.

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Section: Associations Between Income Inequality and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scoping Review Of Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Income inequality and depression: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the association and a scoping review of mechanisms

et al. 2018

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“…There are even studies finding no linkage between income inequality and environmental quality [45,46]. Some studies found that income anticipations could affect mental health and that income inequality generally damaged subjective well-being and led to psychological problems [18,[47][48][49][50][51]. Further, Velek and Steg (2007) proposed that psychological factors were important in promoting sustainable consumption of natural resources [52].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Income Inequality on Carbon Emissions in China: A Household-Level Analysis

2020

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This study investigates the impact of income inequality on household carbon emissions in China using nationwide micro panel data. The effect is positive—households in counties with greater income inequality emit more—and remarkably robust to a battery of robustness checks. We also explore the roles that consumption patterns, time preference, and mental health play in the relationship between income inequality and household carbon emissions. The findings suggest that the change in consumption patterns caused by income inequality may be an important reason for the positive effect of inequality on household carbon emissions and that a lower time preference for consumption and improved mental health can mitigate the positive effect of income inequality on household carbon emissions. Furthermore, substantial differences are found among households at different income levels and households with heads of different ages. The findings of this study provide important insights for policy makers to reduce both inequality and emissions.

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“…Socioeconomic inequalities in health and mental health may form along several pathways [4]. One is social participation (SP), which is broadly defined as the individual's involvement in activities that include interactions with others in the society [5] and embraces various practices of informal and formal social connections and activities [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-economic status, self-rated health and mental health: the mediation effect of social participation on early-late midlife and older adults

Achdut

Sarid

2020

Isr J Health Policy Res

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Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) is a major determinant of diverse health outcomes, among these are selfrated-health and mental health. Yet the mechanisms underlying the SES-health relation are not fully explored. Socioeconomic inequalities in health and mental health may form along several pathways. One is social participation which is linked to better self-rated-health and mental health. We examined (1) whether various social participation practices, including the usage of information and communication technology, relate to a unidimensional or multidimensional phenomenon (2) the relationship among SES, social participation, self-rated-health and mental health; (3) whether social participation and mental health mediates the association between SES and self-rated-health; (4) whether social participation and self-rated-health mediates the links between SES and mental health. Method: Cross-sectional data for individuals aged 35 and older were taken from the Israeli Social Survey for 2016 (N = 4848). Social participation practices included connection with family and friends, self-perceived-support, self-perceived trust, volunteering, civic and political involvement, and information and communication technology usage. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted for all social participation practices. We then constructed structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to explore paths of relations among SES, social participation, self-rated-health and mental health. Results: We found disparities in self-rated health and mental health across SES. Social participation practice, 'frequency of meeting with friends', mediated the links between SES-self-rated health and SES-mental health. Formal social participation practices along with internet usage mediated the SES-self-rated health link. Informal social participation practices and self-perceived trust mediated the SES-mental health link. Mental health mediated the SESself-rated health link and self-rated health mediated the SES-mental health link. Conclusion: The links between SES and the two health constructs were enhanced by common and distinct social participation practices. Enhancement of social participation practices among low SES individuals is recommended. Social participation should be a prominent aspect of preventive medicine practice and health promotion interventions. Policy makers are called to support such programs as an important way to promote public health.

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Neighborhood income inequality, social capital and emotional distress among adolescents: A population‐based study

Cited by 50 publications

References 92 publications

Income inequality and depression: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the association and a scoping review of mechanisms

Income inequality and depression: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the association and a scoping review of mechanisms

The Impact of Income Inequality on Carbon Emissions in China: A Household-Level Analysis

Socio-economic status, self-rated health and mental health: the mediation effect of social participation on early-late midlife and older adults

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