Neighborhood social cohesion and obesity in the United States

Alhasan, Dana M.; Gaston, Symielle A.; Gullett, Lauren R; Jackson, William B.; Stanford, Fatima Cody; Jackson, Chandra L

doi:10.1016/j.endmts.2023.100129

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Due to disparities in obesity by race and gender [14,15], we assessed the potential that the impact of the neighborhood-level SES may be more apparent in certain demographic subpopulations. In support of this assertion, previous studies have documented that the neighborhood may more strongly influence the risk of obesity in women as compared to men [16][17][18], possibly due to differences in the importance of social networks, support, and neighborhood safety [16,19]. Moreover, residential segregation and discrimination may also play a role in the social cohesiveness of neighborhoods, and these issues are more often experienced by Black individuals than other racial groups [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Race- and Gender-Specific Associations between Neighborhood-Level Socioeconomic Status and Body Mass Index: Evidence from the Southern Community Cohort Study

Giurini,

Lipworth,

Murff

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Obesity and a low socioeconomic status (SES), measured at the neighborhood level, are more common among Americans of Black race and with a low individual-level SES. We examined the association between the neighborhood SES and body mass index (BMI) using data from 80,970 participants in the Southern Community Cohort Study, a cohort that oversamples Black and low-SES participants. BMI (kg/m2) was examined both continuously and categorically using cut points defined by the CDC. Neighborhood SES was measured using a neighborhood deprivation index composed of census-tract variables in the domains of education, employment, occupation, housing, and poverty. Generally, the participants in lower-SES neighborhoods were more likely to have a higher BMI and to be considered obese. We found effect modification by race and sex, where the neighborhood-BMI association was most apparent in White female participants in all the quintiles of the neighborhood SES (ORQ2 = 1.55, 95%CI = 1.34, 1.78; ORQ3 = 1.71, 95%CI = 1.48, 1.98; ORQ4 = 1.76, 95%CI = 1.52, 2.03; ORQ5 = 1.64, 95%SE = 1.39, 1.93). Conversely, the neighborhood-BMI association was mostly null in Black male participants (ORQ2 = 0.91, 95%CI = 0.72, 1.15; ORQ3 = 1.05, 95%CI = 0.84, 1.31; βQ4 = 1.00, 95%CI = 0.81, 1.23; ORQ5 = 0.76, 95%CI = 0.63, 0.93). Within all the subgroups, the associations were attenuated or null in participants residing in the lowest-SES neighborhoods. These findings suggest that the associations between the neighborhood SES and BMI vary, and that other factors aside from the neighborhood SES may better predict the BMI in Black and low-SES groups.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Race- and Gender-Specific Associations between Neighborhood-Level Socioeconomic Status and Body Mass Index: Evidence from the Southern Community Cohort Study

Giurini,

Lipworth,

Murff

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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“…Scholars describe how the social environment relates to biological pathways linked to public health [ 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. For example, a strained social environment can relate to health concerns such as depression [ 55 , 56 ], cardiovascular conditions [ 57 ] and obesity [ 58 , 59 ]. Studies among diverse populations have explored social cohesion on mental health among Asian Americans and Latinos [ 60 ], physical activity [ 61 ], cardiovascular conditions [ 62 ], adolescent health [ 63 ], smoking among African American women [ 64 ], and sleep disparities [ 65 , 66 ].…”

Section: Literature Areas Elucidating the Relationship Between Green ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dynamic Relationship between Social Cohesion and Urban Green Space in Diverse Communities: Opportunities and Challenges to Public Health

Jennings,

Rigolon,

Thompson

et al. 2024

IJERPH

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Social cohesion is a key factor within social determinants of health and well-being. Urban green spaces can provide environments that potentially facilitate meaningful and positive social interactions that promote social cohesion, equity, human health, and well-being. However, the lack of integration of existing research on social cohesion, urban green spaces, and public health in diverse (e.g., racially and ethnically) communities limits culturally relevant strategies to address health disparities. In this manuscript, we synthesize research on the potential of urban green spaces to promote social cohesion and public health in historically excluded communities. Particularly, we explore the development of social cohesion as it relates to the social environment, built environment, leisure opportunities, green space maintenance, safety, and green gentrification. We highlight key factors and their application to meet opportunities and challenges to social and public health. A conceptual framework is presented to provide an overview and illustrate connections found in the literature.

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Reimagining Urban Spaces: Green Spaces, Obesity, and Health Resilience in an Era of Extreme Heat

Tu,

Marzouk,

Dowdell

et al. 2024

J Urban Health

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Neighborhood social cohesion and obesity in the United States

Cited by 5 publications

References 48 publications

Race- and Gender-Specific Associations between Neighborhood-Level Socioeconomic Status and Body Mass Index: Evidence from the Southern Community Cohort Study

Race- and Gender-Specific Associations between Neighborhood-Level Socioeconomic Status and Body Mass Index: Evidence from the Southern Community Cohort Study

The Dynamic Relationship between Social Cohesion and Urban Green Space in Diverse Communities: Opportunities and Challenges to Public Health

Reimagining Urban Spaces: Green Spaces, Obesity, and Health Resilience in an Era of Extreme Heat

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